Standard Jet DBnb` Ugr@?~1y0̝cßFN`7ߜH(-`{6{߱oCA43y[.|*|!Of_Љ$g'DeFx -bT4.0:dv Y x S  Y   Y Y  Y Y  Y  DY  Y   Y  Y  Y a Y d Y 2Y  Y   Y  jY ConnectDatabaseDateCreateDateUpdate FlagsForeignNameIdLvLvExtraLvModule LvPropName OwnerParentIdRmtInfoLongRmtInfoShortTypeniYYIdParentIdName        OYx S Y Y Y  Y 2ACMFInheritableObjectIdSID  AtYObjectId Yx SY  Y Y Y  Y  Y Y  Y AttributeExpressionFlagLvExtra Name1 Name2ObjectId Ordernzf edY"ObjectIdAttribute -Yx SY Y Y  Y  Y  Y  Y  Y ccolumn grbiticolumnszColumnszObject$szReferencedColumn$szReferencedObjectszRelationship   YYYszObject$szReferencedObjectszRelationshipYv1b N  : k & W  C t/ @@X  @@OJmJLJkQkiQ^JmYdbkWYfkmJL^Qk`kvkJMQk`kvkdL[QMmk`kvkhoQiYQk`kvkiQ^JmYdbkWYfkmdfYMbdmQk`kvkOL  @~  @ @           d k f  3Lq@3Lq@Topic Notes=@DDD88888886 @3Lq@3Lq@MSysRelationships{\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang1033\f0\fs29 7.\tab JESUS CHRIST WAS DEITY.\par \par All things were made by him - That is, by this Logos. In Gen_1:1, God is said to have created all things: in this verse, Christ is said to have created all things: the same unerring Spirit spoke in Moses and in the evangelists: therefore Christ and the Father are One. To say that Christ made all things by a delegated power from God is absurd; because the thing is impossible. Creation means causing that to exist that had no previous being: this is evidently a work which can be effected only by omnipotence. Now, God cannot delegate his omnipotence to another: were this possible, he to whom this omnipotence was delegated would, in consequence, become God; and he from whom it was delegated would cease to be such: for it is impossible that there should be two omnipotent beings.\par Joh 1:18 - \par No man hath seen God at any time - Moses and others heard his voice, and saw the cloud and the fire, which were the symbols of his presence; but such a manifestation of God as had now taken place, in the person of Jesus Christ, had never before been exhibited to the world. It is likely that the word seen, here, is put for known, as in Joh_3:32; 1Jo_3:2, 1Jo_3:6, and 3Jo_1:11; and this sense the latter clause of the verse seems to require: - No man, how highly soever favored, hath fully known God, at any time, in any nation or age; the only begotten Son, (see on Joh_1:14 (note)), who is in the bosom of the Father, who was intimately acquainted with all the counsels of the Most High, he hath declared him, ?????????, hath announced the Divine oracles unto men; for in this sense the word is used by the best Greek writers. See Kypke in loco.\par \par (Adam Clarke)\par \par He is the image of God (\cf2\ul Heb_1:1-3\cf1\ulnone ) as we are created in His image (Gen 1:26-27). WE ARE IN GLVAL?OD'S IMAGE BUT ONE PERSON\par \par \par Joh 3:13\par Joh 5:26\par JESUS DID THINGS ONLY GOD CAN DO\par FORGIVE-WALK ON WATER-CREATE\par \par 7. Jesus Christ was deity (Col_2:9).\par \par The Deity of Jesus Christ.\par A.\tab Shown by the Old Testament.\par 1.\tab The witness of David. (Psa_45:6-7). (Psa_110:1).\par 2.\tab The witness of Isaiah. (Isa_9:6).\par 3.\tab The witness of Daniel. (Dan_7:13-14).\par B.\tab Shown by the Gospels.\par 1.\tab He is omnipotent (Mat_28:18).\par a.\tab over disease (Mat_8:1-4; Luk_4:39)\par b.\tab demons (Mat_8:16-17, Mat_8:28-32; Luk_4:35)\par c.\tab over men (Mat_9:9; Joh_17:2)\par d.\tab over nature (Mat_8:26)\par e.\tab over sin (Mat_9:1-8)\par f.\tab over traditions (Mat_9:10-17)\par g.\tab over death (Luk_7:14-15; Luk_8:54, Luk_8:56; Joh_1:14)\par 2.\tab He is omniscient (Joh_2:24; Joh_16:30).\par a.\tab He knew the whereabouts of Nathanael (Joh_1:48).\par b.\tab He knew the plot of Judas (Joh_6:70; Joh_13:11).\par c.\tab He knew the hearts of the Pharisees (Mat_12:25; Luk_5:22; Luk_6:8; Luk_7:39-40).\par d.\tab He knew the thoughts of the scribes (Mat_9:3-4).\par e.\tab He knew the sincerity of one scribe (Mar_12:34).\par f.\tab He knew the history of the Samaritan woman (Joh_4:29).\par g.\tab He knew the problems of his disciples (Luk_9:46-47). \par If rightly understood, there is no contradiction here between his omniscience and his being limited in knowledge (as we have already discussed). He retained every whit of his deity while on earth (thus his omniscience) but voluntarily abstained from using it, that he might be totally dependent upon the Holy Spirit (thus his limited knowledge in certain areas).\par 3.\tab He is omnipresent (Mat_18:20; Mat_28:20; Joh_3:13; Joh_14:20).\par 4.\tab He is worshiped as God (cf. Mat_4:9-10).\par a.\tab by the angels (Heb_1:6).\par b.\tab by the shepherds (Luk_2:15)\par c.\tab by the wise men (Mat_2:2, Mat_2:11)\par d.\tab by a leper (Mat_8:2)\par e.\tab by a ruler (Mat_9:18)\par f.\LVAL@tab by a Syro-Phoenician woman (Mat_15:25)\par g.\tab by a mother (Mat_20:20)\par h.\tab by a maniac (Mar_5:6)\par i.\tab by a man born blind (Joh_9:38)\par j.\tab by Thomas (Joh_20:28)\par k.\tab by some Greeks (Joh_12:20-21)\par l.\tab by his apostles (Mt. 14:33; 28:9)\par 5.\tab He forgives sins (Mar_2:5, Mar_10:1-11).\par 6.\tab He judges. (Joh_5:22).\par 7.\tab He saves (Mat_18:11; Joh_10:28).\par C.\tab Shown by the Acts.\par 1.\tab The testimony of Stephen. (Act_7:59).\par 2.\tab The testimony of a eunuch (Act_8:37).\par D.\tab Shown by the epistles.\par 1.\tab In the writings of Paul. Note the language of just a few of these great Pauline verses on the deity of Christ.\par (Gal_2:20).\par (Col_1:15-17).\par (Col_2:9).\par (1Ti_3:16)\par (Tit_2:13).\par 2.\tab In the writings of Peter. Consider also a sampling of Peter's testimony concerning Christ's deity.\par (1Pe_3:22).\par (2Pe_1:17).\par 3.\tab In the writings of Jude. (Jud_1:25).\par 4.\tab In the writings of James. (Jam_2:1).\par 5.\tab In the writings of John.\par (1Jo_5:20).\par (Rev_1:18).\par (Rev_19:16).\par Dr. John Walvoord quotes the following from Charles Hodge:\par "All divine names and titles are applied to Him. He is called God, the mighty God, the great God, God over all; Jehovah; Lord; the Lord of lords and King of kings. All divine attributes are ascribed to Him. He is declared to be omnipresent, omniscient, almighty, and immutable, the same yesterday, today, and forever. He is set forth as the creator and upholder and ruler of the universe. All things were created by Him and for Him; and by Him all things consist. He is the object of worship to all intelligent creatures, even the highest; all the angels (i.e., all creatures between man and God) are commanded to prostrate themselves before Him. He is the object of all the religious sentiments; of reverence, love, faith, and devotion. To Him men and angels are responsible for their character and conduct. He required that man should honour Him aLVALAs they honoured the Father; that they should exercise the same faith in Him that they do in God. He declares that He and the Father are one, that those who had seen Him had seen the Father also. He calls all men unto him; promises to forgive their sins; to send them the Holy Spirit; to give them rest and peace; to raise them up at the last day; and to give them eternal life. God is not more, and cannot promise more, or do more than Christ is said to be, to promise, and to do. He has, therefore, been the Christian's God from the beginning, in all ages and in all places." (Jesus Christ, Our Lord, p. 31)\par Who is Jesus Christ? \par When this question is personalized, it becomes the most important question one will ever be asked or answer. Who is Jesus Christ to YOU? Jesus said, "I have come that they may have life, and that they may have it more abundantly" (Joh_10:10, NKJV). In 1Jo_5:11-13 we are told that if we have the son in our life we can KNOW that we have eternal life. Jesus is the only way for us to live an abundant life here on earth, or receive eternal life in fellowship with God. Jesus died on the cross to take the punishment for our sins so that we could be sinless in the eyes of God. If we do not receive the free gift of eternal life by experiencing the forgiveness achieved by Jesus, then we will receive the punishment we so justly deserve. Jesus must become the Lord of our lives. Imagine your life as an automobile-Jesus must be behind the wheel of your life. The verses below show the attributes of Jesus, but if he has not forgiven your sins, been invited into your life and involved in a personal relationship with you, there is little purpose in reading on. You can change your life at this very moment. Admit your sin, repent of it before God. Believe in the atonement of Jesus on the cross and receive the gift of eternal life which Jesus died to freely give you. Invite Jesus into your life to live through you and thank him for doing so. \par He is God Almighty\par Isa_9:LVALB6 -- For to us a child is born, to us a son is given, and the government will be on his shoulders. And he will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. \par Isa_7:14 -- Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign: The virgin will be with child and will give birth to a son, and will call him Immanuel (Prophecy).\par Mat_1:23-- "The virgin will be with child and will give birth to a son, and they will call him Immanuel"-- which means, "God with us" Isa_7:14 prophecy fulfilled). \par Comment: \par \par Jesus was declared to be the Mighty God and Everlasting Father long before he was ever conceived in the womb of Mary. The Everlasting Father became the child and son born in the manger. Therefore Jesus truly is Immanuel, God with us. Jesus is Almighty God become a man. \par Isa_40:3 -- A voice of one calling: "In the desert prepare the way for the LORD; make straight in the wilderness a highway for our God (Prophecy). \par Joh_1:23--John replied in the words of Isaiah the prophet, "I am the voice of one calling in the desert, 'Make straight the way for the Lord'" (Isaiah 40:3 prophecy fulfilled). \par Comment: \par The word LORD, spelled with all captial letters is the name of God, Jehovah. For more information about God's name go to the article titled "LORD, Hebrew Tetragrammaton." In prophecy, John the baptist was to prepare the world to receive God Almighty. In reality, John prepared the world for Jesus, preaching the message of repentance. John did not make a mistake, he knew that Jesus was Jehovah God joining the human race. \par Isa_45:23 -- Before me every knee will bow; by me every tongue will swear (Prophecy). \par Phi_2:9-11 -- Prophecy fulfilled: Therefore God exalted him to the highest place and gave him the name that is above every name, 10 that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, 11 and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father (Isa_45:23 propLVALChecy referring to Jesus). \par Comment: \par Isa_45:23 quotes God to say that "every knee will bow...every tongue will swear." In the previous verses God stated: "...there is no God apart from me, a righteous God and a Savior; there is none but me...there is no other." In Philippians, Paul, a Pharisee, uses this same language to refer to Jesus. He understood scripture's description of God as a solitary spirit, a lone sovereign. He also knew that applying this scripture to Jesus was the same as calling him the only true God. In essence, Paul was saying that Jesus was the only God and Savior, become a man. \par Isa_44:6--Thus saith the LORD the King of Israel, and his redeemer the LORD of hosts; I am the first, and I am the last; and beside me there is no God.\par \par Isa_48:12--Hearken unto me, O Jacob and Israel, my called; I am he; I am the first, I also am the last.\par Rev_22:13, Rev_22:16-- I am the Alpha and the Omega, the First and the Last, the Beginning and the End. \par Comment: \par God declared through Isaiah that he was the "first and the last," but Jesus went further with his declaration by claiming to be the "Alpha and Omega, first and last, beginning and end." How many "firsts and lasts" are there? The only accurate explanation is found in the fact that Jesus is Almighty God incarnate. \par Jesus is the image of the invisible God\par Heb_1:3 -- The Son is the radiance of God's glory and the exact representation of his being, sustaining all things by his powerful word. After he had provided purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty in heaven. \par 2Co_4:4 -- The god of this age has blinded the minds of unbelievers, so that they cannot see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God. \par Col_1:15 -- He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn over all creation. \par Comment: \par According to Joh_4:24, "God is spirit." Luk_24:39 tells us "a spirit has no flesh or bone." All scripture confirms that God, iLVALDn the Old Testament, was invisible. "No man has seen God" (Joh_1:18); but Jesus is described as the "exact representation of God, the image of God, and the image of the invisible God." The spirit of God that never permanently occupied a body or form before, took on the form of a man by becoming the person of Jesus Christ. He was no longer invisible, untouchable, without form, now he dwelt among us. Both God Almighty and man: born in Bethlehem as Jesus Christ. \par Jesus came to save us from our sin\par Mat_1:21 -- "She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins." \par Joh_1:29 -- The next day John saw Jesus coming toward him and said, "Look, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world! \par Joh_3:17 -- For God did not send his Son into the world to condemn the world, but to save the world through him. \par Heb_7:27 -- ...He sacrificed for their sins once for all when he offered himself. \par 1Jo_1:7 -- But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus, his Son, purifies us from all sin. \par 1Jo_3:5 -- But you know that he appeared so that he might take away our sins. And in him is no sin. \par Comment: \par The name of Jesus in New Testament Greek is "Iesous" (e-ay-soos'). The origin of Jesus' name is found in the Old Testament names "Joshua, Jehoshuah, or Jehoshua," pronounced Yehowshuwa` (yeh-ho-shoo'-ah); or Yehowshua. These names mean Jehovah-saved, Jehovah saves, Jehovah saviour. The name of Jesus was not decided upon in an arbitrary fashion as most children's names are. Jesus' name was decided based upon his mission in life, and his mission was determined from the foundation of the world-He was to save us from our sins (Rev_13:8) with one sacrifice for all time. The significance of the name of Jesus does not end with his mission in life. It is also found in the fact that Jesus is Jehovah. The one true God, who "stretched out the heaveLVALEns alone, and spread out the earth by himself" (Isa_44:24), came to earth to save us by living as Jesus Christ. "God did not send someone else to save the world...he came himself." \par Jesus is the Son of God\par Psa_2:7 -- I will proclaim the decree of the LORD: He said to me, "You are my Son; today I have become your Father. (Also Heb_1:5) \par Mat_1:18 -- This is how the birth of Jesus Christ came about: His mother Mary was pledged to be married to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be with child through the Holy Spirit. \par Joh_3:16 -- "For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life. \par Joh_14:28--...If you loved me, you would be glad that I am going to the Father, for the Father is greater than I.\par Mat_3:17 -- And a voice from heaven said, "This is my Son, whom I love; with him I am well pleased." \par Mat_26:63-64 -- But Jesus remained silent. The high priest said to him, "I charge you under oath by the living God: Tell us if you are the Christ, the Son of God." 64 "Yes, it is as you say," Jesus replied. "But I say to all of you: In the future you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Mighty One and coming on the clouds of heaven." \par Rom_1:4 -- ...and who through the Spirit of holiness was declared with power to be the Son of God by his resurrection from the dead: Jesus Christ our Lord. \par Comment: \par The sonship of Jesus was predetermined in the mind and plan of God from eternity, but he did not really exist until he was born in Bethlehem. As my mentor Robert Sabin described, when a homebuilder looks at blueprints of his future home, they see the plans for the bathroom and say, "There's the bathroom." They can see it in their mind's eye, but it doesn't exist yet. The plan of Jesus' birth, life, sacrifice, and death was similar. You might say, God had a blueprint of salvation that was so real to him he could see it as though it already existed. RLVALFom_4:17 tells us "God...calls things that are not as though they were." Psa_2:7 (quoted above) in the KJV states "this day have I begotten thee." Jesus was God's son, his only son-he had a birthday which means there was a time when he did not exist. The spirit of God is eternal, without beginning or end. Man is not eternal. As a man, Jesus had a beginning. The humanity of Jesus died as a sacrifice for our sins at Calvary. The spirit of the risen Christ, humanity and divinity together will never end. Since the first Christmas day, Jesus will always be God, and God will always be man. 1Co_15:28 describes a time when "God will be all, and in all." The sonship of Jesus as mediator to the human race will no longer be necessary when there is no more sin, no more death, no more sorrow. Jesus will always be God's only begotten son. \par Jesus is both the creator and descendant of David\par Isa_11:1--A shoot will come up from the stump of Jesse; from his roots a Branch will bear fruit. \par Mat_1:2-26-See this text for the lineage of Abraham to David, and David to Jesus.\par Mat_22:41-46-While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them, 42"What do you think about the Christ? Whose son is he?" 42 "The son of David," they replied. 43 He said to them, "How is it then that David, speaking by the Spirit, calls him `Lord'? For he says, 44"`The Lord said to my Lord: "Sit at my right hand until I put your enemies under your feet." ' 45If then David calls him `Lord,' how can he be his son?" 46No one could say a word in reply, and from that day on no one dared to ask him any more questions.\par \par Rom_1:3 ...regarding his Son, who as to his human nature was a descendant of David.... \par Rev_5:5\par Then one of the elders said to me, "Do not weep! See, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David, has triumphed. He is able to open the scroll and its seven seals."\par \par Rev_22:16 "I, Jesus, have sent my angel to give you this testimony for the churches. I am the Root andLVALG the Offspring of David, and the bright Morning Star." \par Comment: \par When Jesus declares he is the "Root and Offspring of David," he is exposing two facts: 1) David is descended from Jesus and 2) Jesus is descended from David. How can this be? Jesus, the human, did not exist actually before David, but the spirit of God did. The "Root" is the Spirit of God. The Spirit that spoke the worlds into existence out of nothing. The same Spirit that selected David as king and then blessed his kingdom. I t was that Spirit which overshadowed Mary to become the father of Jesus. The Spirit of God then took on the identity of Jesus, by living in him. Jesus' human ancestry is traced back to David and Abraham. His bloodline comes directly from God. Jesus is the Spirit of God from the Old Testament who became a man in the New Testament, thereby the "Root and Offspring of David." \par He is the King of Kings and Lord of lords\par Dan_2:47--The king said to Daniel, "Surely your God is the God of gods and the Lord of kings and a revealer of mysteries, for you were able to reveal this mystery." \par \par 1Ti_6:13-15--I charge you to keep this command without spot or blame until the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ, which God will bring about in his own time-God, the blessed and only Ruler, the King of kings and Lord of lords.\par Rev_17:14 -- They will make war against the Lamb, but the Lamb will overcome them because he is Lord of lords and King of kings-- and with him will be his called, chosen and faithful followers." \par Rev_19:16--On his robe and on his thigh he has this name written: KING OF KINGS AND LORD OF LORDS. \par Comment: \par Misunderstanding these scriptures lead to an inaccurate perception of God. In any kingdom, there can only be one "King of kings." You may say, "That is true in a human kingdom, but it could work in a divine Kingdom." God Himself, leaves no room for plurality within His sovereignty. He declares "I am the LORD, who has made all things, who alone stretched out LVALHthe heavens, who spread out the earth by myself "(Isa_44:24). To create a doctrine to solve problems of scriptural interpretation only creates problems, not solutions. The question raised from these texts is: How can the King of kings of the Old Testament be alone as God, and yet Jesus can rightfully claim the same title in the New Testament? The answer is found in the fact that the King of the Old Testament is also King in the New Testament. There is no division of power, no delegation of authority, no savior dispatched from heaven. God did not send someone else to save the world, He came Himself. God did not send a prince into the kingdom, the king put on the robe of a prince and came into the kingdom. You may ask, how can this be? Read on below. \par Jesus' Father, the Spirit of God, was living within him.\par Joh_10:30 I and the Father are one." \par Joh_10:38 But if I do it, even though you do not believe me, believe the miracles, that you may know and understand that the Father is in me, and I in the Father." \par Joh_14:8-10 Philip said, "Lord, show us the Father and that will be enough for us." 9 Jesus answered: "Don't you know me, Philip, even after I have been among you such a long time? Anyone who has seen me has seen the Father. How can you say, 'Show us the Father'? 10 Don't you believe that I am in the Father, and that the Father is in me? The words I say to you are not just my own. Rather, it is the Father, living in me, who is doing his work. \par Joh_14:20 On that day you will realize that I am in my Father, and you are in me, and I am in you. \par 2Co_5:19 ...God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not imputing their trespasses to them, and has committed to us the word of reconciliation (NKJ). \par Col_1:19 For God was pleased to have all his fullness dwell in him \par Comment: \par Have you ever asked yourself the question: When Jesus prayed, who was he praying to? Why did Jesus seem to have such a subordinate role if he was God Almighty? (After reLVALIading this, I encourage you to visit the Sir Isaac Watt's article "A Solemn Address to the Deity." He had very similar questions.) Jesus was born a male child of the human race. He required food, water, warmth, and nurturing to survive and flourish. Jesus became tired; he slept; he wept. He was tempted in every aspect possible. The humanity of Jesus was as fragile and susceptible to failure as any other human being. The difference between Jesus and us, is Jesus had total access to the Spirit of God living in him. John the baptist described Jesus by saying: "For the one whom God has sent speaks the words of God, for God gives the Spirit without limit" (John 3:34). It was the Spirit of God living in Jesus that gave him the power to do miracles, to know the thoughts of men, to be "God with us." The humanity of Jesus prayed to the Spirit of God in him for strength, insight, wisdom, knowledge, direction, and power. The Spirit in Jesus was no longer just a temporary manifestation of deity on earth (See Theophanies). God became a man, or "The Creator became part of creation" (Robert A. Sabin). The humanity of Jesus was the mediator between God and men (1Ti_2:5). The flesh and blood was necessary for the propitiation of our sins (Rom_3:25, 1Jo_2:2, 1Jo_4:10); for without the shedding of blood, there can be no forgiveness of sin (Heb_9:22). The importance of Jesus being a man does not end there. Jesus is also our advocate, defending us when we stand before God in judgment when the accuser attempts to steal us away from God (Rom_8:34, Heb_7:25,1Jo_2:1). The humanity of Jesus should encourage every downtrodden, brokenhearted, defeated individual because in Jesus, we have someone who understands what we are going through. Jesus will always be a man, but he won't always need to be a mediator, an atonement for sin, an intercessor. See above reference to 1Co_15:28 under "Jesus is the Son of God." God will always reside in Jesus, therefore Jesus will always be God. \par Jesus is the baptizerLVALJ with the Holy Ghost, the Comforter\par Isa_44:3 For I will pour water on the thirsty land, and streams on the dry ground; I will pour out my Spirit on your offspring, and my blessing on your descendants.\par Isa_59:20-21 "The Redeemer will come to Zion, to those in Jacob who repent of their sins," declares the LORD. 21 "As for me, this is my covenant with them," says the LORD. "My Spirit, who is on you, and my words that I have put in your mouth will not depart from your mouth, or from the mouths of your children, or from the mouths of their descendants from this time on and forever," says the LORD. \par \par Joe_2:28-29-I will pour out my Spirit on all people. Your sons and daughters will prophesy, your old men will dream dreams, your young men will see visions. 29 Even on my servants, both men and women, I will pour out my Spirit in those days. \par Mat_3:11 "I baptize you with water for repentance. But after me will come one who is more powerful than I, whose sandals I am not fit to carry. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire. \par Mar_1:7-8 And this was his message: "After me will come one more powerful than I, the thongs of whose sandals I am not worthy to stoop down and untie. 8 I baptize you with water, but he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit." \par Luk_3:16 John answered them all, "I baptize you with water. But one more powerful than I will come, the thongs of whose sandals I am not worthy to untie. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and with fire.\par Luk_24:49 I am going to send you what my Father has promised; but stay in the city until you have been clothed with power from on high." \par Joh_1:33 I would not have known him, except that the one who sent me to baptize with water told me, 'The man on whom you see the Spirit come down and remain is he who will baptize with the Holy Spirit.' \par Act_2:1-18 When the day of Pentecost came...All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit enabled them...TLVALKhen Peter stood up with the Eleven, raised his voice and addressed the crowd...this is what was spoken by the prophet Joel: In the last days, God says, I will pour out my Spirit on all people. \par Comment: \par In the Old Testament, God was speaking when he promised the out pouring of the Holy Spirit. Isaiah 59 uses the Hebrew Tetragrammaton for the proper name of God-LORD. Yet in the New Testament, there can be no controversy that Jesus will be the one who pours out the Holy Spirit. Jesus even refers to the promise of the Father in Luke 24:49 that he will pour out. When considered in perspective of Jesus being Jehovah God in the flesh, there is no conflict between the Old and New Testaments. Any other interpretation, requires the formulation of a doctrine to reconcile the Bible with itself. \par Jesus is the Holy Ghost/Comforter\par Mat_28:20 And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.\par Joh_14:16-18 And I will ask the Father, and he will give you another Counselor to be with you forever-- 17 the Spirit of truth. The world cannot accept him, because it neither sees him nor knows him. But you know him, for he lives with you and will be in you. 18 I will not leave you as orphans; I will come to you. \par Rom_8:9-11 You, however, are controlled not by the sinful nature but by the Spirit, if the Spirit of God lives in you. And if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to Christ. 10But if Christ is in you, your body is dead because of sin, yet your spirit is alive because of righteousness. 11And if the Spirit of him who raised Jesus from the dead is living in you, he who raised Christ from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit, who lives in you\par Comments: \par One must be exercise caution to remember that the Holy Spirit is God's Spirit, not a separate entity. The words "Holy Spirit" are "pneuma hagion" in the Greek. Translated it means "holy breath." It was the holy breath of God that hovered over the waters inLVALL creation (Gen_1:2). That same holy breath of God overshadowed Mary, the mother of Jesus, and then lived in his son. The holy breath of God raised Jesus from the dead. The spirit of the risen Christ referred to in these verses is the same holy breath of God. Only now, the spirit has taken up permanent residence in a man. Jesus told his followers in Joh_14:18 "I will not leave you comfortless, I will come to you" (KJV). He identifies himself as the comforter, which is one and the same as the Holy Spirit. In Romans, Paul refers to the Spirit of God living in you, and in the next phrase emphasizes the importance of having the Spirit of Christ in you. The connection should be simple. \par Jesus will be on the throne when we arrive in heaven.\par Mat_19:28--Jesus said to them, "I tell you the truth, at the renewal of all things, when the Son of Man sits on his glorious throne...\par \par Rev_3:21 To him who overcomes, I will give the right to sit with me on my throne, just as I overcame and sat down with my Father on his throne.\par \par Rev_4:2-3 ...there before me was a throne in heaven with someone sitting on it. 3And the one who sat there had the appearance of jasper and carnelian.\par \par Rev_7:17 For the Lamb at the center of the throne will be their shepherd; he will lead them to springs of living water.\par \par Rev_19:4 The twenty-four elders and the four living creatures fell down and worshiped God, who was seated on the throne. \par \par Rev_22:3-4 The throne of God and of the Lamb will be in the city, and his servants will serve him. 4They will see his face, and his name will be on their foreheads.\par Comments:\par According to the Bible, how many thrones are there in heaven? It is clear by the constant use of the singular word throne, that there is only one throne. How many will be seated on the throne. Matthew refers to the Son of Man. Is that one? When Jesus speaks in Rev_3:21, he tells us the he will be seated with his Father. Is that two? It must be understoLVALMod that the Father and Jesus are one (Joh_10:30) because the Father lives in Jesus. There is one God, one savior, one Father, one LORD, one throne, one King of Kings and Lord of lords...Jesus.\par Jesus is everything to us: He is God, savior, mediator, propitiation for sin, advocate, and comforter. Soon, he will be our rescuer, King and ruler.\par ATTRIBUTES OF GOD IN CHRIST\par (Col_2:9) "In the body of Him dwelleth every attribute of the Godhead."\par \par While He walked the earth in human flesh He displayed the possession of ever known attribute of Deity.\par \par The attributes of God are those distinguishing characteristics of the nature of God which are inseparable from the idea of deity, and which constitute the basis and grounds for His various manifestations to His creatures.\par \par There are times when truth is spoken and righteous deeds are enacted by almost any man, but we cannot say that truth and righteousness are inseparable from the idea of man.\par \par But you cannot separate your conception of God from righteousness and truth. Therefore, they may be dominated as attributes of God.\par \par Times in which man is moved by charity and pity, but you would never say "Man is love."\par \par We call these physical characteristics of God "attributes," because we are compelled to attribute them to God as fundamental qualities or powers of His being, in order to give rational reasons for certain constant facts in God's self-revelation.\par \par The power of God is not affected by circumstances; the will of God is not diverted by opposition.\par \par Christ was God because all of these attributes of the Godhead were manifested in the man Jesus in His earthly ministry.\par \par Holiness: Chief attribute of God.\par \par "Self-affirming purity."\par You cannot separate the two ideas of God and purity.\par \par The purity of God springs from the essence of the nature of God Himself.\par \par Psa_145:17 \par Isa_6:3 \par Act_4:27 \par Heb_7:26 \par \par LVALNThe Old Testament claims that holiness is resident in God alone and that this holiness is constant as part of the nature of God. The New Testament stoutly maintains that this "God-nature," as seen through the possession of holiness, was in the child Jesus who became the High Priest and Redeemer.\par \par Exo_12:5 "Your lamb shall be without blemish."\par 1Pe_1:18 \par \par \tab Blemish: \tab Something inherently wrong.\par \tab Spot::\tab\tab Something acquired by contact.\par \par Being incarnated by the miracle of the virgin birth, Jesus, the Son of God, was without blemish in His nature. He lived for thirty three years among men in contact with a world of sin from which, suffering no defilement, He was also spotless.\par \par In the incarnation Christ retained that self-affirming purity which is holiness, and the life which He lived among men was a practical demonstration of the Chief attribute of God.\par \par Joh_8:46 "Which of you convinceth me of sin?"\par \par Would you challenge your enemies that way?\par Mat_26:59-60 \par \par Justice: That principle which affirms the certainty of the punishment of wrong doing.\par \par It is the guard and defense of holiness. \par All sin is an offence against the holiness of God.\par \par If holiness is to be vindicated and God is to remain supreme, all rebellion against holiness must be ruthlessly stamped out and punished.\par \par Legal procedures of human government are diverted from true justice and perverted to political purposes. Therefore, justice is not an attribute of human government.\par \par "God is justice."\par "The soul that sinneth shall surely die"\par \par The Justice of God is implacable, it never fails, it must and always does operate.\par \par Did Jesus manifest the attribute of Justice in His earthly career? Indeed He did. With a whip He drove out the money-changers from the temple.\par \par Mercy: That eternal principle of God's nature which leads Him to seek the temporal good and eternal we( LVAL8 lfare of those who have opposed themselves to His will.\par \par God does not manifest mercy, He is not swayed to the exercise of mercy, but mercy is an attribute of God. We say God is mercy.\par \par Woman taken in adultery - "Neither do I condemn thee."\par \par Love: The source of all that is courageous and kindly in every human relationship.\par \par "God is love."\par \par Because God is love, the Gospel works.\par This is the reason for all God's revelations of Himself to a lost and sinful age.\par \par No attribute of God can function in offense to another attribute. They must all work together in a correlated harmony, functioning as one perfected and completed thing.\par \par \par \par \fs29\par } LVALRP;P{\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang1033\f0\fs29 8.\tab GOD OPERATES FOR US AS A SPIRIT. \par \par The expression, "Spirit," or "Spirit of God," or "Holy Spirit," or "Holy Ghost," is found in the great majority of the books of the Bible. In the Old Testament the \cf2\b Hebrew word\cf1\b0 uniformly employed for the Spirit as \cf2\b referring to God's Spirit is RUACH, meaning, "breath," "wind,\cf1\b0 " or "breeze." In the New Testament the word always used for the Spirit is the \cf2\b Greek word (neuter noun) PNEUMA, and for the Holy Ghost, PNEUMA HAGION.\tab\par \cf1\b0\par The root PNEO is "to breathe," or "to blow." The word Spirit is the Latin word SPIRITUS. The English word Holy Ghost (used in the New Testament only) is from the English GOOST, (probably from the Greek GEIST) and one of the meanings is "spirit of a departed one." However, it is used synonymously with "spirit" in literature.\par \par I. Old Testament use of Spirit \par \par A. Meaning of the term \par \par 1. Breath of God \par \par a. The principle of life itself \par \par Spirit in this sense indicated the degree of vitality (Job_17:1; Jdg_15:19; 1Sa_30:12).\par \par b. Human feelings of various kinds\par \par (1) Anger (Jdg_8:3; Pro_29:11).\par \par (2) Desire (Isa_26:9).\par \par (3) Courage (Jos_2:11).\par \par c. Intelligence (Exo_28:3; Isa_29:24). (Psa_34:18; Psa_51:17; Pro_14:29; Pro_16:18; Pro_29:23).\par \par \cf2\b 2. The energy and the power of God \par \cf1\b0\par Man is made in the image of God and man's breath is an invisible part of man. When this idea is used to represent his vitality, his life and energy, in contrast to his flesh, it is easy to transfer the concept of God as expressing His energetic and transitive action upon man and nature (Isa_31:3).\par \par \cf2\b B. The Spirit as God \par \par 1. Not as LVALQa procession from God \par \cf1\b0\par The Bible does not teach that the Spirit of God is a material particle from God, a procession from God, a person of God, an emanation from God, or a spiration from God.\par \par \cf2\b 2. The Spirit is God in action \par \cf1\b0\par \cf2\b When it appears that there is a distinction between God and His Spirit, it is only an expression to show God's specific action as distinct from His being.\par \cf1\b0\par God and His Spirit are not two distinct beings. \cf2\b The term "Spirit" is used to designate Him functioning and His names (ie. Jehovah or Elohim, etc.) are used to designate His being (Who He is).\par \cf1\b0\par James Orr states: "The Spirit was God in action, particularly when the action was specific, with a view to accomplishing some particular end or purpose of God. The Spirit came upon individuals for specific purposes. The Spirit was thus God immanent in man and in the world." (The New International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, v. 3; p. 1407).\par \par The term "Spirit" is used to express:\par a. God in His omnipresence (Psa_139:7).\par \par b. God in His omniscience (1Co_2:10-11).\par \par c. God brings about creation (Gen_1:2).\par \par d. God in His eternity (Heb_9:14).\par \par e. God in His holiness (Act_5:3-4; Isa_63:10).\par \par f. God in His anointing (Mat_3:16-17).\par \par g. God in His directing (Mat_4:1-7).\par \par h. God in His advocacy (Joh_14:16, Joh_14:26; Joh_15:26).\par \par i. God in His saving authority (Eph_2:18; 2Co_13:14; Rom_8:2-3; 1Pe_1:2; 1Pe_4:14; Act_2:33; Mat_28:19-20; Eze_36:27; Jer_31:33; Gen_6:3; Isa_48:16; Hag_2:5; Zec_4:6).\par \par C. The Spirit in external nature \par \par (Gen_1:2) The figure is that of a brooding or hovering bird (cf. Deu_32:11). Here the Spirit brings order and beauty out of the primeval chaos and conducts the cosmic forces toward the goal of an ordered universe (Psa_104:28-30; Job_26:13; Isa_32:15).\par \par D. The SpiriLVALRt of God in man in the Old Testament \par \par 1. Intellectual life \par \par The Spirit originates man's personal and intellectual life by breathing life into him (Gen_2:7; Num_16:22).\par \par 2. Wisdom for skills (Exo_28:3; Exo_31:3; Exo_35:31).\par \par 3. Physical life \par \par (Job_27:3; Job_33:4; Eze_37:14; Eze_39:29) Thus man is regarded in all parts of his being (body, soul, and spirit) as the direct result of the Spirit of God.\par \par 4. Moral nature (Gen_6:3).\par \par 5. Power for service \par \par The greater part of the Old Testament passages which refer to the Spirit of God deal with the subject from the point of view of the covenant relations between Jehovah and Israel. And the greatest portion of these, in turn, have to do with the gifts and powers conferred by the Spirit for service in the ongoing of the Kingdom of God.\par \par In all of these cases the Spirit imparts special endowments of power without necessary reference to the moral character of the recipient. The end in view is not personal, merely to the agent, but concerns the Kingdom and implies the covenant between God and His people (2Ki_2:16; Eze_2:1; Eze_3:12).\par \par a. It came upon Israel's leaders \par \par (1) Upon Joseph (Gen_41:38).\par \par (2) Upon Moses (Num_11:17).\par \par (3) Upon Joshua (Num_27:18).\par \par (4) Upon Othniel (Jdg_3:10).\par \par (5) Upon Gideon (Jdg_6:34).\par \par (6) Upon Jephthah (Jdg_11:29).\par \par (7) Upon Samson (Jdg_14:6, Jdg_14:19; Jdg_15:14-15).\par \par (8) Upon Saul (1Sa_10:10; 1Sa_11:6).\par \par (a) After he was anointed King by Samuel (1Sa_10:10).\par \par (b) Just before his victory at Jabesh-Gilead (1Sa_11:6).\par \par (9) Upon David (1Sa_16:13).\par \par (10) Upon Elijah \par \par (a) As testified to by Obadiah (1Ki_18:12).\par \par (b) As testified to by some prophets at Jericho (2Ki_2:16).\par \par (11) Upon Elisha (2Ki_2:15).\par \par (12) Upon Ezekiel (Eze_2:2).\pLVALSar \par (13) Upon Daniel \par \par (a) As testified to by Nebuchadnezzar (Dan_4:9).\par \par (b) As testified to by a frightened queen (Dan_5:11).\par \par (c) As testified to by King Darius (Dan_6:3).\par \par (14) Upon Micah (Mic_3:8).\par \par (15) Upon Azariah (2Ch_15:1).\par \par (16) Upon Zechariah (2Ch_24:20).\par \par b. It came upon Israel's elders (Num_11:25).\par \par c. It came upon Israel's tabernacle (Exo_40:34).\par \par d. It came upon Israel's temple (1Ki_8:10).\par \par e. It led Israel through the desert (Neh_9:20; Isa_63:10). \par \par f. It will come upon Israel during the Millennium (Joe_2:28-32; Zec_12:10; Eze_37:13-14; Eze_39:29).\par \par 6. The Spirit in relation to Old Testament prophecy \par \par Here was the most distinctive and important manifestation of the Spirit's activity in the Old Testament. In the early period the prophet was called a Seer (Roech) and later he was called prophet (Nahbi). The word prophet (Prophetes) speaks of one who speaks for God.\par \par a. Possession of the Spirit (Hos_9:7) The prophets were \par especially distinguished from others as the man possessed of the Spirit of God.\par \par b. Message ascribed to the Spirit (Eze_2:2; Eze_8:3; Eze_11:1, Eze_11:24; Eze_13:3).\par \par c. Bestowed upon unworthy men \par \par The Spirit was bestowed at times upon unworthy men for the achievement of theocratic or covenant ends. God was more interested in His office and its functions than He was in the vessel it worked through.\par \par (1) Balaam (Num_24:2).\par \par (2) Saul (1Sa_10:6; 1Sa_11:6; 1Sa_19:23).\par \par 3) Caiphas (Joh_11:49-51).\par \par d. Overpowering in its urgency (Jer_1:4ff; Jer_20:9).\par \par e. Moved with enthusiasm and ecstasy (Often accompanied with musical instruments 1Sa_10:5-6, 1Sa_19:9; 2Ki_3:15).\par \par f. The message was God's (2Sa_23:2; Eze_2:2; Eze_8:3; Eze_11:24; Eze_13:3; Mic_3:8; Hos_9:7; 1Co_2:4; 2Pe_1:21).\par \paLVALTr 7. The Spirit imparted moral and spiritual character \par \par a. God's Spirit was HOLY (Psa_51:11; Psa_143:10; Isa_63:10).\par \par b. For instruction (Neh_9:20).\par \par c. Teaches God's will (Psa_143:10).\par \par d. Gives fear of the Lord (Isa_11:2-5).\par \par e. Brings judgment and righteousness (Isa_32:15).\par \par f. For devotion to the Lord (Isa_44:2-5).\par \par g. Gives hearty obedience and a new heart (Eze_36:26).\par \par h. Gives penitence and prayer (Zec_12:10).\par \par 8. The Spirit in the coming Messiah \par \par a. Anointed with the Spirit (Isa_11:1-5; Isa_61:1-3).\par \par b. Gifts of administration (Isa_11:1-5).\par \par c. Justice to the Gentiles by the Spirit (Isa_42:1ff).\par \par In these passages the prophet describes elaborately and \par minutely the Messiah's endowment with a wide range of \par powers, all of which are controlled by God's Spirit.\par \par 9. Predictions of the future outpouring of the Spirit Joh_3:1\par \par Hag_2:5 God looked back to the pillar of cloud and fire where His Spirit dwelt and told Israel that it was still there.\par Isa_44:3 The Spirit is poured out on Jacob and his seed.\par Isa_59:20-21 The Redeemer is to come to Zion under the \par covenant of Jehovah and the Spirit is to abide upon the people.\par Joe_2:28-32 This was quoted by Peter on the day of Pentecost (Act_2:17).\par Isa_28:11 It would cause them to speak with tongues \par (1Co_14:21).\par Eze_36:26 A new heart and Spirit would be given to Israel.\par \par The Spirit was to be poured out for a deepening sense of inner need of the Spirit for moral purity, and consequent emphasis upon the ethical energy of the Spirit. It was to be world-wide.\par \par Then the last of the prophets, John, claimed (Mat_3:11) that the One to follow would baptize them with the Holy Ghost and fire.\par \par II. Names and titles of the Spirit \par \par Often in the Scriptures one may learn much about someone simply by studying the names and tLVALUitles given to that person. So it is with God's Spirit. The thirteen titles ascribed to the Holy Ghost here provide much insight into the true nature of the Spirit.\par \par A. Spirit of God (1Co_3:16).\par \par B. Spirit of Christ (Rom_8:9).\par \par C. The eternal Spirit (Heb_9:14).\par \par D. Spirit of truth (Joh_16:13).\par \par E. Spirit of grace (Heb_10:29).\par \par F. Spirit of glory (1Pe_4:14).\par \par G. Spirit of life (Rom_8:2).\par \par H. Spirit of wisdom and revelation (Eph_1:17).\par \par I. The Comforter (Joh_14:26).\par \par J. Spirit of promise (Act_1:4-5).\par \par K. Spirit of adoption (Rom_8:15).\par \par L. Spirit of holiness (Rom_1:4).\par \par M. Spirit of faith (2Co_4:13).\par \par III. Emblems of the Spirit \par \par Like the names and titles, these designated emblems throw light upon both the nature and the mission of the Spirit of God.\par \par A. Dove : Indicating purity, peace, and modesty. (Joh_1:32; Son_6:9; Son_2:14; Psa_55:6).\par \par B. Water : Indicating life and cleansing (Isa_44:3; Joh_7:37-39).\par \par C. Oil : Indicating light, healing, anointing for service (Luk_4:18; Act_10:38; Heb_1:9; 1Jo_2:20).\par \par D. Seal : Indicating ownership, finished transaction, identification, security, genuineness, value, and authority (Eph_1:13; Eph_4:30; 2Co_1:22).\par \par Many times in the Bible a seal is used with significance:\par 1. As used by Darius to put Daniel into the lion's den (Dan_6:16-17).\par \par 2. As used by Ahasuarus to plot the wholesale slaughter of the Jews \par 3. As used by Pilate to seal Jesus' tomb (Mat_27:66).\par \par E. Wind : Indicating unseen power (Joh_3:8; Act_2:1-4).\par \par F. Fire : Indicating presence, approval, protection, purifying, gift, judgment.\par \par 1. Presence of God (Exo_3:2).\par \par \tab 2. Approval of God (Lev_9:24).\par \par \tab 3. Protection from God (Exodus 13:21).\par \pLVALVar \tab 4. Purifying from God (Isa_6:1-8).\par \par \tab 5. Gift of God (Act_2:3).\par \par \tab 6. Judgment of God (Heb_12:29).\par \par G. Earnest : (Indicating first-fruits, down-payment, a pledge, an assurance of the eventual complete payment (2Co_1:22; 2Co_5:5; Eph_1:14).\par \par IV. The various operations of the Spirit \par \par A. Its operation in creation \par \par (Psa_104:30; Job_26:13; Job_33:4; Gen_1:2) It has been suggested that the Hebrew word (here translated "moved") has reference to the gentle motion of a dove as she quietly hovers over her nest, imparting her body heat upon the eggs until they are hatched.\par \par B. Its operation in writing Scripture \par \par In a word, the Spirit is the author of the Word of God. The Spirit has used three basic methods to prepare the Bible.\par \par * Revelation : That process whereby the Spirit spoke to the approximately forty human writers of the Bible the message that was to be translated.\par \par * Inspiration : That process whereby the Spirit guided the very pen of these some forty writers so that the spoken message would be accurately written.\par \par * Illumination : That process whereby the Spirit takes the written Word when it is preached and read, and enlightens those human ears who will hear it.\par \par 1. The Spirit is the author of the Old Testament\par \par a. According to David (2Sa_23:2).\par \par b. According to Isaiah (Isa_59:21).\par \par c. According to Jeremiah (Jer_1:9).\par \par d. According to Jesus (Mat_5:18; Joh_10:35).\par \par e. According to Peter (2Pe_1:21).\par \par f. According to Paul (2Ti_3:15-17).\par \par 2. The Spirit is the author of the New Testament\par \par a. According to Jesus (Joh_14:25-26).\par \par b. According to Paul (1Co_14:37; 1Co_2:13; 1Th_4:15).\par \par c. According to Peter (2Pe_3:14-16).\par \par d. According to John (Rev_1:10-11; Rev_2:7).\par \par C. The operatiLVALWon of the Spirit in the Saviour \par \par From His bodily conception to His final ascension, there is reference to Jesus being led by the Spirit.\par \par 1. The Saviour was begotten by the Spirit \par \par (Luk_1:35; Mat_1:18-20) Thus, the real Father of Christ was the Spirit of God, and the real miracle was not only in the Saviour's birth, but in His supernatural conception also.\par \par 2. The Saviour was anointed by the Spirit (Mat_3:16; Luk_4:18; Act_10:38; Heb_1:9).\par \par 3. The Saviour was sealed by the Spirit (Joh_6:27) It was a sign of His genuineness, value, and authority.\par \par 4. The Saviour was led by the Spirit (Mat_4:1).\par \par 5. The Saviour was empowered by the Spirit \par \par (Mat_12:28) According to Phi_2:5-8, Jesus abstained from using, in any independent way, His divine attributes (His omnipotence, omnipresence, and omniscience) while on the earth. He could have, but He wanted to submit Himself as a man to the Spirit. He chose rather to depend completely upon the anointing of the Spirit for strength and guidance as men must do.\par \par 6. The Saviour was full of the Spirit (Joh_3:34; Luk_4:1) The words "filled" and "full" refer SIMPLY TO CONTROL. Thus, the Saviour was totally controlled by the Spirit while on the earth. He brought the humanity under the control of the Divinity.\par \par 7. The Saviour sorrowed in His Spirit (Joh_11:33).\par \par 8. The Saviour rejoiced in His Spirit (Luk_10:21).\par \par 9. The Saviour offered Himself at Calvary through His Spirit (Heb_9:14).\par \par 10. The Saviour was raised from the dead by His Spirit (Rom_1:4; 1Pe_3:18).\par \par 11. The Saviour commanded His disciples after the resurrection through His Spirit (Act_1:2).\par \par 12. The Saviour will someday return and raise the dead through His Spirit (Rom_8:11).\par \par The point of this particular section of our study should be very obvious. If the sinless Son of God in His humanity found it necessaLVALry to depend totally upon the Spirit to form every word and guide every step, how much more is this absolutely vital for us.\par \par D. The Spirit's operation on a sinner \par \par During His midnight discourse, just prior to entering Gethsemane, our Lord spoke the following words to His sorrowing disciples about the Spirit (Joh_16:7-11): "It is expedient for you that I go away; for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come."\par \par The Spirit is to "reprove." In the Greek it is ELEGCHO which is elsewhere translated as follows:\par \par * To convince (Joh_8:46).\par \par * To convict (Joh_8:9).\par \par * To tell someone (Mat_18:15).\par \par So the hounds of heaven will track down the sinner, and, upon "catching him," will (1) convince him; (2) convict him; and (3) tell him his faults.\par \par 1. The Spirit convicts men \par \par a. of sin \par \par \tab b. of Christ's righteousness\par \par Later the Spirit directed Paul to write an entire epistle on this one word, "righteousness." In this epistle (the book of Romans) Paul stresses three things:\par \par (1) God IS righteousness.\par \par (2) God DEMANDS righteousness.\par \par (3) God PROVIDES righteousness.\par \par c. Of future judgment \par \par \par Worship is not in Spirit OR truth, it is in Spirit AND truth. With the Spirit alone you will blow up. With the word alone you will dry up. With the Spirit and word you will grow up.\par \par GIFTS OF THE SPIRIT 1Co_12:1\par \par \par \fs29\par } LVAL C<Y{\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang1033\f0\fs29 9.\tab HIS NAMES EXPRESS WHO HE IS AND WHAT HE DOES.\par \par \cf2\b God was then first known to Israel under the personal name JEHOVAH [Yahweh] (a combination of the tetragrammaton YHWH with the vowels of Adhonay, transliterated as Yehowah, but read aloud by the Hebrews Adhonay. \par \par Yahweh is the correct form of the word, Jehovah being a composite of the consonants of Yahweh and the vowels of adhonay, or lord. \par \par WE [ENGLISH SPEAKING PEOPLE] CALL HIM JESUS\par JE-Jehovah, the I AM\par SUS-Savior, and I was the one saved.\par SOME LANGUAGES HESUS, YESUS, HESU JESU YESU\par \par JESUS = ENGLISH\par IESOUS = GREEK GEN. IESOU, MASC. PROPER NOUN TRANSLITERATED FROM THE HEBR. YESHUA , CONTRACTED TO JOSHUA NEH 8:17 YEHOSHUA = HEBREW\par \par HEBREW\par YAH = YAHWEH\par HOSHEA = SALVATION\par \par Absolute or Personal Names in OT\par \par 1. Elohim = translated God. Equivalent of theos in NT. Plural form with a singular construction. \par It is characteristic of Hebrew that extension, magnitude and dignity, as well as actual multiplicity, are expressed by the plural. \par It is the reasonable conclusion that the meaning is \ldblquote might\rdblquote or \ldblquote power\rdblquote ; that it is common to Semitic language; that the form is plural to express majesty or \ldblquote all-mightiness.\rdblquote\par \par 2. Eloah = Singular of Elohim\par \par 3. El = Usually associated with being leader and strength\par \par 4. Adhon, Adhonay = Translated Lord, speaks of lordship and sovereignty\par \par 5. Yahweh (Jehovah) = Translated LORD. I AM and declared by God Himself as the Name Israelites were to call Him (Exo_3:13-16; Exo_6:2-8)\par \par 6. Cur (Rock) = steadfast and safe retreat and shelter\par \par 7. Kadhosh = holy or separated One\par \par 8. ShaddLVALZay = speaks of almightiness and One of awe, akin to NT pantokrator "all powerful"\par \par Descriptive Names in the OT\par 1. Abhir = Mighty One \par 2. El-Elohe-Israel = \cf3\ul\b0 Gen_33:20 \cf2\ulnone\b God, the True God of Israel\par 3. Elyon = Most High God\par 4. Gibbor = Mighty God\par 5. El-Roi = Seeing God\par 6. Caddik = Righteous One\par 7. Kanna = Jealous\par 8. Yahweh Cebha'oth = Lord of Hosts\par 9. I AM THAT I AM = God's covenant name to Israel\par \par NT forms of the name of God\par 1. God = Theos, corresponding to El, Elohim\par 2. Lord = despotes, kurios corresponding to Adonay. Quotations from OT in which Yahweh occurs are rendered kurios.\par \par Descriptive or Figurative names\par \par As in the Old Testament, so in the New Testament various attributive, descriptive or figurative names are found, often corresponding to those in the Old Testament. Some of these are: The \ldblquote Highest\rdblquote or \ldblquote Most High\rdblquote (hupsistos), found in this sense only in Lk (Luk_1:32, Luk_1:35, Luk_1:76; Luk_2:14, etc.), and Equivalent to Elyon (see III, 3, above); \ldblquote Almighty,\rdblquote Pantokrator (2Co_6:18; Rev_1:8, etc.), corresponding to Shadday (see II, 8 above; see also ALMIGHTY); \ldblquote Father,\rdblquote as in the Lord's Prayer, and elsewhere (Mat_6:9; Mat_11:25; Joh_17:25; 2Co_6:18); \ldblquote King\rdblquote (1Ti_1:17); \ldblquote King of kings\rdblquote (1Ti_6:15); \ldblquote King of kings,\rdblquote \ldblquote Lord of lords\rdblquote (Rev_17:14; Rev_19:16); \ldblquote Potentate\rdblquote (1Ti_6:15); \ldblquote Master\rdblquote (Kurios, Eph_6:9; 2Pe_2:1; Rev_6:10); \ldblquote Shepherd,\rdblquote \ldblquote Bishop\rdblquote (1Pe_2:25).\par \par \cf1\b0 Jehovah-Jireh: The Lord who provides\par Jehovah-Ropheka: The Lord who heals\par Jehovah-Nissi: The Lord your banner [in warfare]\par Jehovah-Mekaddishkem: The Lord who sanctifies you\par Jehovah-Shalom: The Lord your peace\par Jehovah-Zebaoth: The Lord of hosts\par JehLVAL[ovah-Zidkenu: The Lord your righteousness\par Jehovah-Shammah: The Lord who is ever present\par Jehovah-Elyon: The Lord who is Most High\par Jehovah-Roi: The Lord who is your shepherd\par Jehovah-El Shaddai: The Lord who is Almighty\par Jehovah-Chay: The Lord who lives\par 9. His names express who He is and what He does (Act_4:12).\par \par The Names of God.\par \par A.\tab Elohim: Used 2,570 times, it refers to God's power and might.\par Gen_1:1: \par Psa_19:1\par B.\tab El: Four compounds of his name. There are two significant places where this name was used in the Old Testament. One came from the lips of Jerusalem's first sovereign, and the other from history's first sinner.\par 1.\tab Elyon: The strongest strong One.\par a.\tab Jerusalem's first sovereign (Melchizedek)\par Gen_14:17-20\par b.\tab History's first sinner (Satan)\par Isa_14:13-14: \par 2.\tab Roi: The strong One who sees. In Genesis 16 an angered and barren Sarai had cast into the wilderness her pregnant and arrogant handmaiden Hagar. When all hope for survival had fled, this pagan Egyptian girl was visited and ministered to by El Roi himself-the strong God who sees.\par Gen_16:13:\par 3.\tab Shaddai: The breasted One. Used forty-eight times in Old Testament. The Hebrew word shad is often used to designate the bosom of a nursing mother\par Gen_17:1: \par This revelation of God came to Abraham at a much needed time in his life. His sin in marrying Hagar (Gen. 16) had doubtless prevented that full and unhindered fellowship which had previously flowed between him and God. In addition, he now was an old man, nearly 100, humanly unable to father the long-anticipated heir.\par Psa_91:1: \par 4.\tab Olam: The everlasting God. Isaiah 40 is usually regarded as one of the greatest Old Testament chapters. The prophet begins by predicting both the first and second advent of Christ. He then contrasts the awesome power of the true God with the miserable impotence of all idols. But carnal Israel had trouble accepting all LVAL\this, wondering just how these wonderful events could transpire to answer their doubts. Isaiah declares:\par Isa_40:28-31:\par C.\tab Adonai: Master, Lord. God owns all his creation.\par Mal_1:6: \par The Hebrew Old Testament name Adonai and its Greek New Testament counterpart Kurios describe the relationship between master and slave. Adonai thus carries with it a twofold implication.\par 1.\tab The master has a right to expect obedience. Robert Lightner writes:\par "In Old Testament times the slave was the absolute possession of his master, having no rights of his own. His chief business was to carry out the wishes of his master. The slave had a relationship and responsibility different from that of the hired servant. The hired servant could quit if he did not like the orders of his master. But not so with the slave; he could do nothing but obey (cf. Gen_24:1-12). (The God of the Bible, p. 116)\par 2.\tab The slave may expect provision. Again, to quote Lightner:\par "The slave had no worry of his own. It was the master's business to provide food, shelter, and the necessities of life. Since the slave is the possession of the master, his needs become the master's. Obedience is the only condition for this provision. This truth is marvelously displayed in Paul, who was himself a bond slave, when he assured the Philippians that God would supply all their needs (Phi_4:19). Only the obedient slave can expect this from his master." (Ibid. p. 117)\par D.\tab Jehovah. God's most common name. It occurs 6,823 times. The self-existent One, the God of the covenant (Gen_2:4). Nine compound names of Jehovah are:\par 1.\tab Jireh: The Lord will provide.\par Gen_22:13-14: \par 2.\tab Nissi: The Lord, my Banner.\par Exo_17:15: "And Moses built an altar, and called the name of it Jehovah-nissi." This passage is significant, for it marks the first battle and subsequent victory of Israel on its march after leaving Egypt. The great lawgiver Moses mounted a hill and with outstretched arms prayed for the IsraeliLVAL]te armies, headed up by Joshua, in their pitched battle against the fierce Amalekites.\par 3.\tab Shalom: The Lord is Peace.\par Jdg_6:24: \par As one studies the thrilling account of Gideon he reads how Jehovah-shalom did indeed bring peace to Israel over the Midianites through this warrior and his 300 trumpet-blowing soldiers.\par 4.\tab Sabaoth: The Lord of hosts. Sabaoth is derived from the Hebrew word tsaba, meaning "host." The Lord of hosts is a reference to the captain of heaven's armies. These armies are said to be composed of angels. (See Psa_68:17; Psa_104:4; Psa_148:2; Mat_26:53.) Christ himself is their leader. (See Jos_5:14.) The great prophet Isaiah describes his vision during which he was allowed to see Jehovah of hosts (Isa_6:3).\par Isa_6:1-3: \par 5.\tab Maccaddeschcem: The Lord thy Sanctifier.\par Exo_31:13: \par This great name for God, first mentioned in Exodus, appears many times in the following book, Leviticus. To be sanctified is to be set apart, and that is what God desired to do for his people-to set them apart for special service.\par 6.\tab Rohi (Raah): The Lord my Shepherd.\par Psa_23:1: "The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want."\par Of all the compound names of Jehovah, this is at once the most easily understood title-that good, and great, and chief Shepherd God.\par 7.\tab Tsidkenu: The Lord our Righteousness.\par Jer_23:6: \par According to Jeremiah the official name for the Messiah during the future millennium will be Jehovah-Tsidkenu.\par 8.\tab Shammah: The Lord who is present.\par Eze_48:35\par In this passage Ezekiel describes for us the dimensions of the millennial temple and then gives us the new name for Jerusalem during earth's golden age: Jehovah-shammah.\par 9.\tab Rapha: The Lord our Healer.\par Exo_15:26: \par By this new name God introduced to Israel the terms of his heavenly "medicare" health plan while they were on their way to Canaan. If only they had accepted this gracious policy.\par \par (Exo_3:14) NAMES OF GOD \par \par NALVAL^ME OF THE LORD\par (Act_4:12)\par \par In Hebrew the word for name is "Shem," in Greek it is "Onoma," and in Latin it is "Nomen."\par \par A name is that by which a person, place or thing is marked and known (Pro_18:10).\par \par In Scripture, names were generally descriptive of the person, of his position, of some circumstance affecting him, hope entertained concerning him, etc., so that "the name" often came to stand for the person.\par \par In Act_1:15; Rev_3:4 onoma stands for "persons." Compare Num_26:53-55.\par \par Act_1:15 \par Rev_3:4 \par Num_26:53-55 \par \par 1.\tab OLD TESTAMENT WORD AND USE\par \par The word for name in the Old Testament is Shem (Also the name of one of the sons of Noah). The etymology is uncertain, although it may be from Shamah (obsolete), "to set a mark." Shum is the Aramaic form.\par \par Besides designating persons, the name also stands for fame, renown, reputation, character gained or expressed, etc. (Gen_6:4 "mighty men which were of old, men of renown"). 2Sa_7:9, 2Sa_7:23 \par \par It might be an evil name (Deu_22:14, Deu_22:19) \par \par The name is also equivalent to a "people" or "nation" (which might be blotted out or destroyed (Deu_7:24) \par \par To speak or write in the name signified authority (Exo_5:23) \par (1Ki_21:8). "She [Jezebel] wrote letters in Ahab's name.\par \par To call one's name over a place or people indicated possession or ownership. This is still done. The explorers to America declared the land to be in the name of their king. 2Sa_12:28 Joab told David to take the city "lest I take the city, and it be called after my name [my name be called upon it].\par \par Amo_9:12 \par \par To act in the name was to represent:\par Deu_25:6 \par \par To be called or known by name indicated special individual notice.\par Exo_31:2 "I have called by name, Bezaleel."\par Isa_43:1 \par Isa_45:3-4 \par Gen_2:19-20 even displays a conception of identity between the name and the thing. "[In the animals brouLVAL_ght to Adam] to see what he would call them; and whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof. And Adam gave names to all."\par \par To name is sometimes amar "to say" 1Sa_16:3\par Dabhar: "To speak" (Gen_23:16) Abraham weighed the silver which he had named in the audience of the sons of Heth."\par \par Nakabh "To mark out" (Num_1:17) "Moses and Aaron took these men which are expressed by their names."\par \par Kard "To call" (Gen_48:16) \par Isa_61:1 \par \par Of special interest is the usage with respect to the name of God. He revealed Himself to Israel through Moses by a new name (which was at the same time that of the God of their fathers) Jehovah. The nature of which should be shown by His manifestations on their behalf.\par \par Exo_3:13-16 \par Exo_15:2-3 \par \par The "name of God was therefore not a mere word, but the whole of" the Divine manifestation, the character of God as revealed in His relations to His people and in His dealings with them.\par Exo_9:16 \par Jos_7:9; Jos_9:9 [The Canaanites will cut off our name from the earth; and what wilt thou do unto Thy great name?]\par [We Gibeonites are come from a very far country] because of the name of the Lord thy God, for we have heard the fame of Him and all that He did in Egypt.\par \par The "name of Jehovah" was proclaimed to Moses on Mt. Sinai. Exo_34:6 \par \par The name Jehovah [so revealed] was (Exo_3:15) His memorial name.\par \par His sole Deity was such an important element in His name that Deu_6:4f was termed the "Shema" (from shema "hear" the first word in verse 4), the first article of Israelitish faith, taught to all the children, written on the phylacteries, and still recited as the first act in public and private worship, "twice a day by every adult male Jew."\par \par Where Jehovah is said to record His name, or to put His name in a place [or person], some special divine manifestation is implied, making the place or person sacred to Him.\par Exo_20:24 \par 1Ki_8:LVAL`16 \par \par His name was in the angel of His presence.\par Exo_23:21 \par \par What He does is "for His great name's sake," in fidelity to and vindication of His revealed character and covenant relationship.\par 2Ch_6:32 \par Psa_25:11\par \par The great things He should do would be for "a name."\par Isa_55:13 \par \par To be called by the name of Jehovah is to "Be His people."\par 2Ch_7:14 \par Isa_43:7 \par Isa_63:19 \par Jer_14:8-9 \par \par To call upon the "name of Jehovah" was to worship Him as God.\par Gen_21:33 \par Gen_26:25 \par \par To confess His name is to acknowledge Him.\par 1Ki_8:33-35 \par Psa_5:11 \par Psa_7:17\par \par Very frequently, especially in the Psalms and prophecies of Isaiah and Jeremiah, the name of God stands for God Himself. \par To forget His name was to depart from Him.\par Jer_23:27\par \par To minister, prophesy, or speak in His name signified divine appointment, inspiration, and authority.\par Jer_11:21\par Jer_14:14-15\par \par We have swearing by, or in, the name of Jehovah.\par Deu_6:13\par \par To take His name in vain was to swear falsely.\par Exo_20:7\par Lev_19:12\par \par We have blessing in His name.\par Deu_10:8\par 2Ki_2:24\par \par In Lev_24:11 we have the case of one who "blasphemed in the Name, and cursed." The penalty of this was death by stoning (Lev_24:13-16).\par \par In later Jewish usage [cf. Wisdom 14:21] the sacred name Jehovah was not pronounced in reading the Scriptures, Adhonay [My Lord] being substituted for it (the vowels belonging to Adhonay were written with the consonants of the Divine name, hence the frequent term "the Lord" in the AV for which the ARV substitutes Jehovah.\par \par 2.\tab NEW TESTAMENT WORD AND USE\par \par In the New Testament onoma has frequently also the significance of denoting the "character" or "work" of the person.\par Mat_1:21 "Thou shalt call His name Jesus; for it is He that shall save." Luk_1:31; Luk_2:21.\par Luk_1:63 "His name is John" compare withLVALa the new names given to Simon, James and John; and Saul's new name of Paul.\par \par The name of God has the same relation to the character of God as in the Old Testament.\par Mat_6:9 "Hallowed be thy name."\par Joh_12:28 \par \par It is manifest by Christ:\par Joh_17:26 (compare Joh_17:3) \par \par The name of Jesus, as manifesting God, takes the place of the name of Jehovah in the Old Testament (compare Jam_2:7 with Jer_14:9).\par Jam_2:7\par \par To Him is given "the name which is above every name.\par Phi_2:9 (compare Isa_45:23).\par Act_5:41 "Worthy to suffer dishonor for the name."\par John 7 "For His name they went forth."\par \par The name of Christ is equivalent to Christ Himself.\par Mat_10:22 \par Mat_19:29 \par \par It is the same thing as His manifestation:\par Joh_20:31\par \par To believe on His name is to believe in Him as manifested in His life and work:\par Joh_1:12 \par Joh_2:23\par \par "In the name of God" means sent by God, as representing Him with Divine authority.\par Mat_21:9\par Mat_23:39\par \par Prophesying and preaching was done in that name.\par Act_4:18\par Act_5:28\par \par The name of Jesus represented His authority and power, e.g. working miracles in His name.\par Mat_7:22\par Mar_9:39\par Act_4:7\par Act_16:18\par Act_19:17\par \par The gospel of salvation was to be preached in His name, by His authority and as making it effectual (Luk_24:47; Act_4:12).\par \par Sinners were justified through His name.\par Act_10:43 \par 1Co_6:11\par \tab\par Sins were forgiven for His name's sake.\par 1Jo_2:12.\par \par Men called upon the name of Jesus as they had done on that of Jehovah.\par Act_9:14, Act_9:21 (compare Act_7:59) \par Rom_10:13\par \par To name the name of Christ was to belong to Him (2Ti_2:19). \par \par The calling of His name on the Gentiles signified their acceptance as God's people (Act_15:17) [quoted from Amo_9:12], compare Rom_1:5.\par \par To hold fast His name is to be true to Him as made known LVALb(Rev_2:13; Rev_3:8).\par \par To be "gathered together in His name," to "do all things in His name," is as acknowledging Him (Mat_18:20; Col_3:17).\par \par To baptize in or into the name of Jesus Christ (Act_2:38; Act_22:16 "calling on His name" contrasted with baptizing into one's own name in 1Co_1:13, is "to all over them His name." [in the rite] as claiming them for Christ and as their acknowledgment of Him or of faith in Him-becoming His disciples; similarly, to baptize into the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Spirit, [singular], represents "dedication to" God as He has been revealed in Christ.\par \par "In the name of" means as representing [or as being] e.g.. "in the name of a prophet" of "as righteous man" or of a "disciple" (Mat_10:41-42).\par \par To receive a little child in "Christ's name," i.e., as belonging to Him, is to receive Himself (Mat_18:5; Mar_9:37; verse 41 to disciples); RV "because ye are Christ's; m. "Greek in name that ye are Christ's" (Luk_9:48; compare Mat_18:20; Mar_13:6) "Many shall come in My name" (Luk_21:8).\par \par The significance of the name of Jesus in relation to prayer deserves special notice. To pray in the name of Jesus, to ask anything in His name, according to His promises, "Whatsoever ye shall ask in my name, that will I do" (Joh_14:13; compare Joh_14:14; Joh_15:16; Joh_16:23).\par "Hitherto have ye asked nothing in my name; ask, that your joy may be full (Joh_16:24).\par \par This is not merely to add to our prayers as is so often unthinkingly done.\par \par "We ask all in the name of Jesus" or "through Jesus Christ our Lord," etc., but to pray or ask as His representatives on earth, in His mission and stead, in His Spirit and with His aim. This implies union with Christ and abiding in Him, He in us and we in Him.\par \par The meaning of the phrase is "as being one with me even as I am revealed to you."\par \par Its two correlatives are "in me" (Joh_6:56; Joh_14:20; Joh_15:4ff; Joh_16:33; compare 1Jo_5:20) and the PaulLVALcine "in Christ."\par \par WYCLIFFE ON THE NAME\par \par In Scripture, a name is often an expression of the nature of its bearer, describing his character, position, function, some circumstance affecting him, or some hope or sorrow concerning him.\par \par Terminology: Hebrew shem meaning "name," "memorial," "majesty" (Psa_54:1), "renown" (Gen_6:4); and zeker meaning "remembrance," "memorial," "name," (Psa_30:4); Greek onoma (for shem), mneme (Psa_30:4), mnemosynon (Exo_3:15), and mneia (Isa_26:8). In the New Testament (Greek onoma is also used to indicate persons). Act_1:15; Rev_3:4; Rev_11:13; NASB, rank (Mat_10:41), authority (Mat_21:9), the person and character of God (Joh_17:6, Joh_17:26).\par \par In the ancient Semitic world a name had much more religious, personal, family, historical or geographical significance than in our western culture. The extensive genealogical tables in scripture are indicative of the historical importance the Hebrews attached to ancestral origins and development regarding the names of individuals, families, tribes, and nations; thereby establishing inheritance rights, and substantiating pedigrees, lineage, and royal succession, especially of the Davidic Messiah (e.g. Gen_5:10; 11; 46; 1 Chronicles 1-9; Mat_1:1-17; Luk_3:23-38).\par \par Since the name was considered to be descriptive of the essential nature of the person or thing, there was a conception of identity between the name and its bearer (Gen_2:19-20). To cut off one's name from the earth signified to remove him or his descendants from existence (Jos_7:9; 2Sa_14:7; 2Ki_14:27; Psa_83:4). To act or speak or write in someone's name was to act as that person's representative, with his inspiration and power and authority (Exo_5:23; Deu_18:19; 1Sa_17:45; 1Ki_21:8). Thus the literal expression, "Call one's name over or upon" a people or place indicated a claim to possession or ownership (2Sa_12:28; Isa_43:7; Jer_7:10). The recipient might not use the name, but was made subject to the name's authorityLVALd and was provided protection (2Ch_7:14; Pro_18:10; Isa_4:1; Jer_14:9).\par \par Declaring one's name was a chief means of revealing or manifesting oneself (Exo_9:16; Jos_9:9). Notice how solemnly God revealed the meaning of His own name to Moses on various occasions (Exo_3:2-14; Exo_6:2-8; Exo_33:13-34:7). The name by paronomasia (a play on words) is what is known of the person; e.g.. Naomi ("pleasant") changing her name to Mara ("bitter") in her bereavement (Rth_1:20); and Nabal ("Fool"), "As his name is, so is he; Nabal is his name, and folly is with him" (1Sa_25:25). The names prophesied of the coming Messiah depict aspects of His character and ministry (Isa_7:14; Isa_9:6).\par \par A new or second name is given when there is a change in one's personality or function or in his experience or circumstances (e.g.. Simon to Cephas or Peter, Joh_1:42), and when regeneration produces a new character (Isa_56:5; Isa_62:2; Isa_65:15; Rev_2:17; Rev_3:12; Rev_4:1). On the basis of his covenant relationship, Abram ("Exalted father") was changed to Abraham ("father of a multitude"). Jacob ("supplanter") became Israel ("He preserver with God") after his encounter with God at the brook Jabbok (Gen_32:28). See Otto Eissfeldt, "Renaming in the Old Testament," Words and meanings, ed., by P. R. Ackroyd and B. Linders, Cambridge: University Press, 1968, pages 69-79.\par \par PERSONAL NAMES\par \par These were generally bestowed upon the child at or shortly after birth. Before the exile the name was often given the child for the significance attached to it, but after the exile it was customary to name the individual after a relative, frequently a grandfather.\par \par Many Bible names are Hebrew in origin, but some place-names of Palestine may be other than Hebrew, such as the non-Semitic word Ziklag, Greek and Latin names, such as Antipatris (Act_23:31); Caesarea Philippi (Mat_16:13), and Ptolemais (Act_21:7), also occur.\par \par Hebrew names may be composed of one element, such as Jacob's "supplanLVALeter" and Nabal "fool;" several elements such as Penuel (face of God), and Emmanuel (God with us); or even a whole sentence, as Jehoshua (Jehovah is salvation), Jehoshaphat (Jehovah has judged), and Elijah (my God is Jehovah). G. B. Gray listed 135 names with El and 157 with one of the abbreviations of Jehovah.\par \par Personal names were used to identify or say something about:\par 1.\tab Personal, physical, or spiritual factors, such as Esau (hairy) and Peter (rock).\par \par 2.\tab Faith and gratitude to God. Godly parents reflected their piety by compounding their children's names with the elements of the two chief names for God, either El (from Elohim) or Jah or Yah (from Jehovah, eg. Joel (Jehovah is God), Daniel (El is my judge), Abijah (Jehovah is my Father), Nathaneal (El has haven), and Ishmael (El hears).\par \par 3.\tab Association with animals and plants, as Jonah (dove), Rachel (ewe), Peninnah (coral), and Tamar (palm tree), as a term of endearment or expression of a wish that the child might have the peculiar quality of said animal or plant.\par \par 4.\tab Something important to the parent, as Jacob names his last son Benjamin (son of my right hand), although the dying Rachel had called him Ben-oni (son of my sorrow).\par \par 5.\tab Historical events at the time of birth, as Ichabod (inglorious), because the mother said, "The glory is departed from Israel, for the ark of God is taken" (1Sa_4:21-22).\par \par 6.\tab Prophecy concerning work to be done, as Jesus (He shall save His people; Mat_2:21).\par \par 7.\tab Relationship to a quality and/or a place, as Melchisedek (king of righteousness), king of Salem (peace) (Heb_7:2; and Zerubbabel (begotten in Babylon).\par \par 8.\tab Tribal names such as Cushi (Cushite tribe; 2Sa_18:21).\par \par 9.\tab Events prophesied to occur, as in the names of Isaiah's children; Shear-jashub (a remnant shall return, Isa_7:3), and Maher-shalal-hashbaz (swift is the booty, speedy is the prey; Isa_8:3, NASB, margin); and in the namesLVALf of Hosea's children; Jezreel (God sows; so named with dual significance, because of past events and future blessings, Hos_1:4-5, Hos_1:11; Hos_2:22-23), Loruhamah (not pitied, Hos_1:6); and Lo-ammi (not my people), (Hos_1:9).\par \par 10.\tab Function, as the name of Eve (life) was suggested to Adam because she was to be the "mother of all living" (Gen_3:20), and in such names as Obil (camel driver); 1Ch_27:30; and Onesimus (useful, as a slave; Phm_1:10-11).\par \par NAMES OF TOWNS, PLACES AND THINGS\par \par Geographical names may denote a number of different things, such as:\par \par 1.\tab Physical conditions, involved, such as the Salt sea (Gen_14:3), Lebanon (white, because of its snow-covered summit) and Jericho (fragrance of palms, rose gardens and balsams), Engedi (Spring of the kid).\par \par 2.\tab Qualities, as Joppa (beauty), Shiloh (tranquillity), and Salem (peace).\par \par 3.\tab Shape, as Chinnereth (harp-shaped, i.e.. Sea of Galilee; Num_34:11), Shechem (shoulder of a mount).\par \par 4.\tab Occupation, as Gath (winepress); Bethlehem (house of bread).\par \par 5.\tab Deity or religious custom, as Beth-dagon (Jos_15:41), Ashtaroth (Deu_1:4), Bethshemesh (sun temple) (Jos_19:22).\par \par 6.\tab Important historical events, as Ebenezer (stone of help) 1Sa_7:12; Bethel (house of God) Gen_28:16-19.\par \par 7.\tab Connection with a person or a tribe, as Gibeath-Saul (1Sa_11:4) Dan (Jdg_18:29).\par \par 8.\tab Animals and plants, as Ajilon (deer field), Bethhoglah (house of the partridge), Valley of Elah (oak, or terebinth).\par \par DIVINE NAMES AND TITLES\par \par It was considered all important to learn the name of the divine being who appeared to one (e.g.. Jacob, Gen_32:29; and Manoah, Jdg_13:6, Jdg 16-21). Knowing His names and titles, such as Jehovah, Elohim, the Lord, made God living and real to His people. Sometimes the very concept "name" of God stood for the person of God Himself (Lev_24:11 RSV; Mat_12:21). To know and believe God's name or that of LVALgChrist is equivalent to knowing and believing in God or Christ Himself (Psa_9:10; Psa_91:14; Isa_64:2; Mal_3:16; Joh_1:12; Joh_2:23; Joh_3:18; 1Jo_3:23; 1Jo_5:13). See God, name of, for the various single and compound names which manifest His attributes and character to man.\par \par THE NAME OF JESUS\par \par The early Christians placed no magical value on the name of Jesus, but used it as their forefathers had employed the names of God in Old Testament times. Jesus had taught His disciples that to do something for His name's sake was to do it for Him (Mat_19:29; compare Mat_10:22). His name represented His power and authority, e.g.. in working miracles (Mat_7:22; Act_4:7, Act_4:10). People were exhorted to call on His name for salvation (Act_2:21; Act_4:12), and sinners were justified in or through His name (1Co_6:11; Act_10:43). The Gospel was to be preached in His name (Luk_24:47) and eternal life comes in or through His name (Joh_20:31). Jesus instructed His followers to pray to the Father in His name, i.e.. on His authority (Joh_16:23-24). "The name"alone is even used to refer to the Lord Jesus Christ ("His name" KJV, Act_5:41; 3Jo_1:7).\par \par The meaning of baptism in the name of Jesus varies slightly according to the Greek preposition used. In Act_2:38 Peter exhorted the Jews to repent and be baptized in or upon (epi) the name of Jesus Christ, resting upon His authority and being devoted to Him. Later Peter instructed Cornelius to be baptized in (en) the name of Jesus Christ, acting on His authority. Three passages used eis (Mat_28:19; Act_8:16; Act_19:5), plus the parallel phrase "baptized into Christ" (Rom_6:3; Gal_3:27). A study of these verses along with the verb baptizo and eis in 1Co_1:13; Act_10:2; Act_12:13 indicates that the one baptized is identified with Christ (or Paul or Moses) and passes into new ownership or partnership with Him, with new loyalty and fellowship.\par \par ADDITIONAL MATERIAL\par \par A name is a call word by which we separate objects and giLVALhve to each its identity. The word eagle or horse bring a picture before the imagination. No picture arises at a foreign name, although it discriminates and separates.\par \par 1.\tab Physical distinctions: A man's name is called and we have a vision of a tall person. Another's name is called and we think of a short person.\par \par 2.\tab Social and economically we distinguish with names. One may would be generous and another stingy.\par \par 3.\tab Morally we distinguish. Faith, zeal, genius, are stored up in names.\par \par We see that personal names stand for abstract excellence. Thus lover, father, child go to signify domestic excellencies. When the word "mother" is called, not only does your mother come forth to your imagination in feature, but those qualities which make all mothers differ from other relations.\par \par When we hear "Plato" we think of thought. When we hear "Nero" we think of cruelty, "Paul" of Christian. \par \par Jesus is an easy name to pronounce. Any child can speak it. It is a name easy to remember. It is easily recognized.\par JOSHUA\par It is impossible to disassociate a name from the person who bears it. The mightiest names of the world have perished or are perishing. But His name lives on. Peter said he had nothing else to give but that name (Act_3:1). Jesus has that name because of me:\par \cf2\b JESUS = ENGLISH\par IESOUS = GREEK\par YEHOSHUA = HEBREW\par JE-Jehovah, the I AM\par SUS-Savior, and I was the one saved.\par HEBREW\par YAH = YAHWEH\par HOSHEA = SALVATION\par \par \cf1\b0 Phi_2:10-11 Every knee shall bow to that name of Jesus.\par Pro_18:10 The name of the Lord is a strong tower.\par \tab The wealth of the rich is their strong city (Pro_18:11)\par \tab He runs to the bank. I run to the name of Jesus.\par \par Tower is a place built for shelter and security.\par Its strength consists of the durability of the materials of which it is composed. God's name is called a strong tower, on account of the strength of theLVALi foundation on which they built who are sheltered within it.\par \par The righteous runs into it. Earnest in the pursuit of everlasting life. He is impelled by a sense of danger.\par He is animated by a hope of safety.\par 1.\tab He is safe from the assaults of the devil.\par 2.\tab He is safe from the world.\par 3.\tab He is safe from his own natural depravity.\par 4.\tab He is safe from fear of death.\par 5.\tab He is safe from the accusations of the law.\par 6l\tab He is safe from the accusations of the conscience.\par \par To know the name of someone implies familiarity and confidence.\par To do something in someone's name is to do it with their authority . The name of Jesus is a storehouse of wealth and strength, from which all recurring needs can be supplied.\par There is majesty implied in the name God\par There is independent being in the name Jehovah.\par There is power in Lord.\par There is unction in Christ.\par There is affinity in Emmanuel\par There is intercession in Mediator\par There is help in advocate.\par But there is salvation in no other name than that of Jesus (Act_4:12)\par Lev_18:21 Do not profane\par Deu_28:58 Fear this glorious and fearful name "The Lord thy God."\par 2Sa_7:23 Redeemed Israel to make a name.\par 2Ch_12:13 God chose Jerusalem to put His name there.\par Psa_20:1 Lord hear thee in the day of trouble, the name of the God of Jacob defend thee.\par Psa_113:3 Rising of the sun let His name be praised.\par Isa_55:13 Prosperity of Canaan shall be for a name to the Lord\par Isa_63:12 Divided the Red Sea to make Himself a name (Isa_63:14).\par Eph_1:21 Given Him a name above every name.\par Phi_2:9 Name above every name\par Heb_1:4 By inheritance\par Pro_22:1 Good name is better than riches.\par Ecc_7:1 Better than ointment\par Mat_10:42 Give a cup of water in the name of a prophet (righteous man).\par Curse:\par Job_18:17 He shall have no name\par Psa_9:5 Put out their name forever\par Psa_109:13 Let their name be blotted out.\pLVALjar Pro_10:7 Name of the wicked will rot\par \par ONLY ONE NAME\par (Act_4:12) \par \par In the name "Jesus" there is found:\par \par 1.\tab SALVATION (Act_4:12).\par \par 2.\tab FORGIVENESS (1Jo_2:12).\par \par 3.\tab STRENGTH (Act_3:16).\par \par 4.\tab ETERNAL LIFE (1Jo_5:13).\par \par 5.\tab SONSHIP (Joh_1:12).\par \par 6.\tab ANSWERED PRAYER (Joh_14:13-14).\par \par 7.\tab LEADING (Psa_23:3).\par \par THE NAME OF JESUS\par (Act_4:12)\par \par 1.\tab SOURCE OF SALVATION (Act_4:12).\par \par 2.\tab AUTHORITY IN BAPTISM (Act_2:38; Act_10:48).\par \par 3.\tab CENTER OF GATHERING (Mat_18:20).\par \par 4.\tab POWER IN DISCIPLINE (1Co_5:4).\par \par 5.\tab MOTIVE IN SERVICE (3Jo_1:7).\par \par 6.\tab PLEAS IN PRAYER (Joh_14:14).\par \par 7.\tab RULE IN EVERYTHING (Col_3:17).\par \par IN THE NAME\par (Act_4:12)\par \par 1.\tab Salvation (Act_4:12).\par \par 2.\tab Remission of sins (Act_10:43).\par \par 3.\tab Baptism (Act_19:5).\par \par 4.\tab Gathering (Mat_18:20).\par \par 5.\tab Suffering (1Pe_4:16).\par \par 6.\tab Not denying (Rev_3:8).\par \par 7.\tab Testifying (Mat_10:32)\par \par YOUR ONLY CHANCE\par (Act_4:12) Interpreter's Bible, vol. 9, pages 66-67\par \par Every man is bound for hell. The penalty rests upon him and the only person who can remove it is Jesus Christ.\par \par We must dispel the popular notion that one religion is as good as another. One religion is not as good as another. The practice of child sacrifice in primitive religion is not as good as the care and love for children in Christianity. Nor is the caste system in Hinduism as good as the doctrine of human dignity in Christianity.\par \par A man has no choice whether he accepts the law of gravity or not. It is no less valid in the US than it is in China. Your opinions about it may be right or wrong, but the truth stands, regardless of what you think about it. Religion is concerned with truth, not opinion; that which is, not that which men think about it. LVALk It is not merely a matter of what appeals to man; it is a matter of what claims a man. The truth that 2 and 2 makes 4 does not always appeal to everyone, but it claims everyone. The truth that is in Jesus may not appeal to everyone, may not be accepted by everyone, but that does not say that it does not claim everyone, simply because it is the truth.\par \par A pilot came back from overseas during World War II. He had been shot down over Germany and spent nine months in a German prison camp. He was telling his experiences to a friend. He told how in his days of training he was instructed in the use of a parachute, but he never actually used one. He was never given an opportunity to bail out. Then the time came, in combat over Germany, surrounded by many enemy fighter planes, when his own plane was struck and it burst into flames. "Then," he said, "I knew that I had to jump. I could not pull the string at once because I was surrounded by enemy planes and I had to fall, waiting until I fell into the clouds before pulling the cord." His friend said in amazement, "I cannot see how you could do it never having done it before." "I could do it," he said, "because I knew it was my only chance."\par \par That suggests the mood of the early Christians. When Peter stood up to address the opponents of Christianity, he held up before them the Lord Christ whom they nailed to a tree and whom God had raised from the dead. As he presented that Christ in His risen power and glory, he added the ominous words, "He is your only chance." Or in Peter's own words, "There is salvation in no other name-no one else can save you."\par \cf2\b\par \cf1\b0 All the names of God were originally significant of His character, \par (1) Generic\par One of the most widely distributed terms for Deity known to the human race is 'El, with its derivations 'Elim, 'Elohim, and 'Eloah, Like theos, Deus and God, it is a generic term, including every member of the class deity. It may even denote a position of honor and authoLVALlrity among men. Moses was 'Elohim to Pharaoh (Exo_7:1) and to Aaron (Exo_4:16; compare Jdg_5:8; 1Sa_2:25; Exo_21:5, Exo_21:6; Exo_22:7; Psa_58:11; Psa_82:1). It is, therefore, a general term expressing majesty and authority, \par \par Yahweh was held to be too sacred to be uttered. The meaning of the root 'El, and the exact relation to it, and to one another, of 'Elohim and 'Eloah, . By far the most frequent form used by Old Testament writers is the plural 'Elohim, but they use it regularly with singular verbs and adjectives to denote a singular idea. Several explanations have been offered of this usage of a plural term to denote a singular idea - that it expresses the fullness and manifoldness of the Divine nature, or that it is a plural of majesty used in the manner of royal persons, or [TRINITARIANS TRY TO MAKE IT even that it is an early intimation of the Trinity; other cognate expressions are found in Gen_1:26; Gen_3:22; 1Ki_22:19 f; Isa_6:8. \par (2) Attributive\par To distinguish the God of Israel as supreme from others of the class 'E?lo?hi?m, certain qualifying appellations are often added. 'El Elyon designates the God of Israel as the highest, the most high, among the 'Elohim (Gen_14:18-20); so do Yahweh Elyon (Psa_7:17) and Elyon alone, often in Psalms and in Isa_14:14.\par 'El Shadday, or Shadday alone, is a similar term which on the strength of some tradition is translated "God Almighty"; but its derivation and meaning are quite unknown. According to Exo_6:3 it was the usual name for God in patriarchal times, but other traditions in the Pentateuch seem to have no knowledge of this.\par Another way of designating God was by His relation to His worshippers, as God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob (Gen_24:12; Exo_3:6), of Shem (Gen_9:26), of the Hebrews (Exo_3:18), and of Israel (Gen_33:20).\par Other names used to express the power and majesty of God are cu?r, "Rock" (Deu_32:18; Isa_30:29), 'abhir (construct from 'abhir), "the Strong One" (Gen_49:24; Isa_1:24; Psa_132:2); melekh, "King"; jLVALz'adhon, "lord," and 'adhonay, "my lord" (Exo_23:17; Isa_10:16, Isa_10:33; Gen_18:27; Isa_6:1). Also baal, "proprietor" or "master," may be inferred as a designation once in use, from its appearance in such Hebrew proper names as Jerubbaal and Ishbaal. \par A term of uncertain meaning is Yahweh or 'Elohim cebha'oth, "Yahweh" or "God of hosts." In Hebrew usage "host" might mean an army of men, or the stars and the angels - which, apart or in conjunction, made up the host of heaven. God of Hosts in early times meant the war god who led the armies of Israel (1Sa_4:4; 2Sa_7:8). In 1Sa_17:45 this title stands in parallelism with "the God of the armies of Israel." \par The general meaning of the whole term is well expressed by the Septuagint translation, kurios pantokrator, "Lord Omnipotent."\par (3) Yahweh (Jehovah)\par This is the personal proper name par excellence of Israel's God, even as Chemosh was that of the god of Moab, and Dagon that of the god of the Philistines. The original meaning [WAS GIVEN TO MOSES AT THE BURNING BUSH] \par \par The Hebrews themselves connected the word with hayah, "to be." In Exo_3:14 Yahweh is explained as equivalent to 'ehyeh, which is a short form of 'ehyeh 'asher 'ehyeh, translated in the Revised Version (British and American) "I am that I am." This has been supposed to mean "self-existence," and to represent God as the Absolute. \par This name was in use from the earliest historical times till after the exile. It is found in the most ancient literature. According to Exo_3:13 f, and especially Exo_6:2, Exo_6:3, it was first introduced by Moses, and was the medium of a new revelation of the God of their fathers to the children of Israel.\par \par \fs29\par } LVAL Cn{\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\froman\fprq2\fcharset0 Georgia;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset0 MS Sans Serif;}{\f2\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}{\f3\fnil\fcharset2 Symbol;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green128\blue0;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang1033\ul\f0\fs28 Rom_1:20\cf2\ulnone STUDY OF THEOLOGY\par \pard\fi-360\li360\cf3 A. THE DOCTRINE OF MAN\par \par \pard\ri-67\cf0\b I. ORIGIN OF MAN\par \b0\par \pard\li270\ri-67 1. Special creation\par \pard\fi-187\li734\ri-67\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67 Genesis 1:1\emdash 2-3 General account of creation\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\sa60\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Man is a direct product of God's creative act. This chapter (Genesis 1) speaks of the man as an ideal work of God that was created after all else was well prepared for him. This chapter is of man as the climax of God's creative work.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-187\li734\ri-67\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\cf1\ul Isa_45:18\cf0\ulnone God created the world to be inhabited\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\sa60\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}The words "to be inhabited" tell us that the reason the earth was formed was so that man might have a dwelling place. There is an implication that it was deliberately made for this purpose.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-187\li734\ri-67\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\cf1\ul Gen_2:4-25\cf0\ulnone Particular account of creation\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}This time man is not looked upon as the climax, but as the center of creaLVALotion. Whereas the first account was a generic account, this is the production of the actual man, the historical Adam.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}This is an individual. He is a creature of the dust with the breath of God in his nostrils to become a living soul (\cf1\ul Gen_2:7\cf0\ulnone ).\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li270\ri-67 2. Terms used to describe man.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\ri-67\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-187\li734\ri-67 A. Adam\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67 This was the name of the first man (compare \cf1\ul Luk_3:38\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Rom_5:14\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul 1Co_15:45-49\cf0\ulnone ).\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}This term is used as an appellative\emdash THE MAN (Septuagint: anthropos; vulgate: homo).\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}The origin of the name "Adam" is obscure. In \cf1\ul Gen_2:7\cf0\ulnone Adam is connected with Adhamah.\par \pard\ri-67\par \pard\li547\ri-67 He is named Adam because of the earthly part of man's nature. \line He is dust out of "Adhamah" as the earth-born one.\par \par \pard\fi-187\li734\ri-67 B. Son of man [children] (\cf1\ul Num_23:19\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Job_25:6\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Eze_2:3\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard\ri-67\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67 This denotes the frailty and unworthiness of man in the sight of God (\cf1\ul Psa_11:4\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Psa_12:1\cf0\ulnone , \cf1\ul Psa_12:8\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Psa_14:2\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-187\li734\ri-67\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}C. Enosh (\cf1\ul Psa_8:4\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Psa_10:18\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Psa_90:3\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Psa_103:15\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntLVALpxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67 Man in his impotence, frailty, or mortality, as against ISH, man in his strength and vigor.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-187\li734\ri-67 D. Ish\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\sa120 This speaks of the male as against the female. This is man in his dignity and excellency (\cf1\ul Gen_7:2\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Jer_5:1\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Gen_2:23-24\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-187\li734\ri-67\sa120 E. Gebher (\cf1\ul Deu_22:5\cf0\ulnone )\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\sa120 This is man in his strength. This is applied to man in contrast with women and children.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}In \cf1\ul Deu_22:5\cf0\ulnone it applies to a man who is not to wear a woman's apparel (\cf1\ul Jdg_6:12\cf0\ulnone "man of valor;" \cf1\ul Pro_30:19\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-187\li734\ri-67\sa120 F. Anthropos (\cf1\ul Mat_12:12\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Mar_10:27\cf0\ulnone )\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\sa120 This is man in General in the New Testament Greek. It is the human being as such.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Anthropos is that which shows the contrast between perishable and the imperishable (See \cf1\ul 2Co_4:16\cf0\ulnone ) The "outward man" is represented as passing away and the inner man is renewed (\cf1\ul 1Co_2:14\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Rom_6:6\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Col_3:9-10\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-187\li734\ri-67\sa120 G. Aner (\cf1\ul 1Co_11:3\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul 1Pe_3:7\cf0\ulnone )\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67 This is man in his vigor as contrasted with woman in her weakness.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}\paLVALqr \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li270\ri-67 3. All come from one man\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\sa120 Modern theories try to make man an evolved creature with perhaps many originals. Even some who do not subscribe to evolution believe God created more people than Adam. However, the Bible acknowledges a common ancestry.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\sa120\cf1\ul Act_17:26\cf0\ulnone Paul definitely affirms the unity of the human race from a single parent. He says we were from "one blood."\par \cf1\ul{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Joh_3:16\cf0\ulnone That men are from a common sinful line is the foundation of the Biblical scheme of redemption.\par \cf1\ul{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Mat_19:4\cf0\ulnone The original was made from a male and a female.\par \cf1\ul{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}1Ti_2:13-14\cf0\ulnone Adam was first formed, then Eve.\par \pard\li547\ri-67 The human race in the Old Testament is described as "sons of Adam" (\cf1\ul Deu_32:8\cf0\ulnone ) as derived from one pair (\cf1\ul Gen_1:27\cf0\ulnone ) as having its origin in one individual (\cf1\ul Gen_2:18\cf0\ulnone ; compared with \cf1\ul 1Co_11:8\cf0\ulnone where woman is described as "from man"). Notice in \cf1\ul Gen_9:19\cf0\ulnone where the world was repopulated from the sons of Noah.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\sa40\cf1\ul Gen_1:26\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Gen_2:5-7\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Gen_3:22-24\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Gen_5:2\cf0\ulnone Adam is applied to the race and to the individual.\par \cf1\ul{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}1Co_15:21-22\cf0\ulnone , \cf1\ul 1Co_15:47-49\cf0\ulnone Adam is connected with the history of redemption. Christ is the second Adam restoring what the first Adam lost. "For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive."\par \pard\fi-180\li450\ri-67\sa40 4. Man is made higher LVALrthan other creatures, but lower than the angels.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\sa40\cf1\ul Psa_8:3-8\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Gen_1:28-29\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Heb_2:8\cf0\ulnone Man was made for dominion, but he does not have it yet.\par \cf1\ul{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Psa_33:6-9\cf0\ulnone Man was made by God's breath.\par \cf1\ul{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Heb_11:3\cf0\ulnone Man was made by God's Word (thinking).\par \cf1\ul{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Pro_8:22-30\cf0\ulnone Man was made by God's wisdom.\par \pard\li547\ri-67\sa40 This creation was made with the goal in mind that one day God would have a MASTERPIECE! This plan for a Masterpiece went through several stages:\par A. Genesis 1-2 Six day preparation.\par B. \cf1\ul Gen_1:27\cf0\ulnone Created in His image.\par C. \cf1\ul Rom_5:14\cf0\ulnone Adam to Moses without law.\par D. \cf1\ul Psa_135:4\cf0\ulnone Under the law (Israel with Moses).\par E. \cf1\ul Eph_2:10\cf0\ulnone A Church (God's Masterpiece).\par The program of God is to take man from below the angels to a place above them. They were created servants originally, and when God has finished His Masterpiece, they will be still be ministers to the "heirs of salvation" and we will reign with Christ (\cf1\ul Heb_2:5-9; Heb_2:10-13\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard\cf3\par \cf1\ul Eph_2:10\cf3\ulnone WORKMANSHIP \par \par \pard\ri-67\cf0\b II. THE NATURE OF MAN\par \b0\par \pard\li270\ri-67 1. (\cf1\ul Gen_2:7\cf0\ulnone ) The material part of man.\par \pard\ri-67\par \pard\li547\ri-67 From the dust of the ground God compacted a body together. The chemicals He used were calcium, carbon, chlorine, flourine, hydrogen, iodine, iron, magnesium, manganese, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, sodium, and sulphur. This is only 6% of the body. The rest is water and gases.\par \par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\cf1\ul 1Co_15:47-49\cf0\ulnone We are "of theLVALs earth, earthy."\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-187\li734\ri-67\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\cf1\ul Gen_3:19\cf0\ulnone "Dust thou art." Man is both material and immaterial. The material is not the man, and the immaterial is not the man.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-187\li734\ri-67\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\sa60 Both the material and immaterial are required. Man is one unit of material and immaterial that can only be separated by physical death.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}This material part of man operates by five senses. Through these senses the body draws data from the physical world around us. These senses are:\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}A. Sight.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}B. Hearing.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}C. Feeling.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}D. Tasting.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}E. smelling\par \cf1\ul{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Psa_139:13-16\cf0\ulnone "We are fearfully and wonderfully made."\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\sa60 The Lord "set me up" or made me erect.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}He fashioned me to grow. You were once only about .125 of an inch in diameter. Your body is made up of parts that need each other. Your body is a regular city with carpenters, masons, plasterers, and plumbers. There are electricians, ordinary laborers, scavengers, gardeners, cooks, servants, policemen, soldiers, lawyers, merchants and doctors.\par \pard\li547\ri-67\sa60 They work independently and yet very dependently. It is one big, busy, peaceful, harmonious city. If one group stopped work all the other groups would die. There is no jealousy, no schism, and no strikes (see \cf1\ul 1Co_12:12-26\cf0\ulnone for Paul's description of the body members).\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'BLVALt7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\sa60 Each member nourishes the other and each is needed. The body is not one member, but many. \par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\sa60 The Psalmist said, "My substance was not hid from thee" (\cf1\ul Psa_139:15\cf0\ulnone ). My frame and my bones were well put together. The skeleton, and external covering of muscular flesh, tendons, veins, arteries, nerves, and skin were curiously wrought (Hebrew: RAQAM). They were "embroidered together."\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}He refers to the intricate weaving and growth of the human body to full development.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}SKIN: Works as a repeller and killer of germs. It is an umbrella from the sun and rain. It is a sunshade.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Thirty-five to forty miles up there is a blanket of ozone gas about 1/8 of an inch thick. It registers and exercises control over the temperature. It works as both a thermometer and as a thermostat.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\sa120 CHEMISTS: Hydrogen is taken from the water, and salt from the blood to form hydrochloric acid when needed. Anywhere else in the body it would destroy it.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}SCAVENGERS: There are cells in the kidneys, skin and lungs that carry away the garbage from our body.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}POLICEMEN: The white blood cells remain on the alert for any enemy and immediately destroy them, usually taking their own lives in the process.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67 CONTROL of some things is not given to us. Breathing and heartbeat are left out of our control because it is done while sleeping and must be kept going at all times.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}The body is a self-regulating, self-repairing, and self-reproducing machine. New cells are born and sent to their life's work. There is no grumbling, no complaints, no strikes, no learning the job.\par {\pnteLVALuxt\f3\'B7\tab}The houses we inhabit are pulled down stone by stone, brick by brick, and rebuilt as rapidly as they are destroyed.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}THE BODY HAS OVER:\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}200 bones\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}600 muscles\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}970 miles of blood vessels\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}400 cups on the tongue to taste the food we eat\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}20,000 hairs in the ear to pick up any sound\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}40 pounds of jaw pressure\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}10,000,000 nerves and branches\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}3,500 sweat tubes in every square inch of the skin extending to the length of 40 miles\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}20,000,000 mouths in the intestines to eat the food\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}600,000,000 air cells in the lungs inhaling the air\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}2,400 gallons of air are being pumped daily by the lungs\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-72\sa120 12 tons of blood is pumped daily through the heart which beats 4,200 times every hour.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67 The body has a telephone system that relates to the brain instantly any known sound, taste, sight, touch, or smell. It is housed in a unit you could hold in your hand. To keep the same machinery for a modern telephone system of comparable quality, you would need a six-story building filled with modern equipment.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}This body contains life and is the temple of the Holy Ghost (\cf1\ul 1Co_3:16-17\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul 1Co_6:19\cf0\ulnone ).\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}2. Immaterial part of man.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\cf1\ul Jam_2:26\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Ecc_12:7\cf0\ulnone Without the immaterial art of man the body becomes a corpse.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-187\li734LVALv\ri-67\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\sa120 All of life is merely this earth (dust) transformed. The dead earth has been moved upon by the Spirit of God to come to life (\cf1\ul Gen_1:2\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li274\ri-67\sa120 A. The image of God (\cf1\ul Gen_1:27\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li270\ri-67\sa120 "God created man in His own image." One difference between all other creatures and man, was that man was to be "in His image." This could not be merely flesh, for all the animal world has flesh, some very similar to our own.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\li547\ri-67\sa120 It could not be merely spirit for the angels are spirit and neither angels nor animals are in God's image. All of nature expresses the character and deity of God (\cf1\ul Rom_1:20\cf0\ulnone ), but they are not in His image.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlcont\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-270\li630\ri-67\sa120 a. To be in His image is to be in the likeness of the Spirit of God.\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\sa120\cf1\ul Joh_4:24\cf0\ulnone Since God is a Spirit, man in God's image cannot be a material thing.\par \cf1\ul{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Deu_4:14\cf0\ulnone God has no form. They saw no similitude.\par \pard\li547\ri-67\sa120 When the Bible uses terms of body members in expression of God's activity (anthropomorphism), it is conveying to your mind what His Spirit does in correlation with what you do with your body members. Yet God is all eye, all ear, etc. His senses are not localized as ours are.\par The angels are often represented in bodily form but they are not mentioned as being in God's image. They are called "sons of God," because God is their creator.\par The creatures around us are the works of DivineLVALw wisdom, and therefore are the realized thoughts of God (\cf1\ul Pro_3:19\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Psa_92:5\cf0\ulnone ). They are the substantial proofs of the eternal power and Godhead of their author (\cf1\ul Rom_1:20\cf0\ulnone ); but, though Scripture presents God as compared with the sun, and His spiritual operation to the light of the sun, we read nowhere that God created the sun after His image. The Scripture says this only of man.\par \pard\li547\ri-67 There is a vast difference between the spirit of a man and the Spirit of God.\par \pard\ri-67\par \pard\fi-270\li630\ri-67 b. To be in God's image is to have the personality of God (God's natural likeness).\par \pard\ri-67\par \pard\li547\ri-67 Those attributes which distinguish God as God are in man: Holiness, mercy, love, justice, wisdom, truth, and discipline.\par \par "Nor have we far to go to find some of the traces of this Divine in human nature.\par \pard\fi-270\li630\ri-67\tx6912 (1) We are told that God is just and pure and holy. What is the meaning of these words? Speak to the deaf man of hearing, or the blind of light, he knows not what you mean. And so to talk of God as good and just and pure implies that there is goodness, justice, purity, within the mind of man (else we could not understand the concept of color.\par \pard\fi-270\li630\ri-67\par (2) We find in man the sense of the Infinite; just as truly as God is boundless, is the soul of man boundless; there is something boundless, infinite, in the sense of justice, in the sense of truth, in the power of self-sacrifice.\par \par (3) In man's creative power there is a resemblance of God. He has filled the world with his creation. It is his special privilege to subdue the power of nature to himself. He has forced the lightning to be his messenger, he has put a girdle around the earth, has climbed up to the clouds and penetrated down to the depths of the sea. He has turned the forces of Nature against herself; commanding the winds to help him in braving the sea.\pLVALxar \pard\li547\ri-67 And marvelous as is man's rule over external, dead nature, more marvelous still is his rule over animated nature. To see the trained falcon strike down the quarry at the feet of his master, and come back, when God's free heaven is before him; to see the hound use his speed in the service of his master, to take a prey not to be given to himself, to see the camel of the desert carrying man through his own home; all of these show the creative power of man and his resemblance to God the Creator.\par \par Once more, God is a God of order. The universe in which God reigns is a domain in which order reigns from first to last, in which everything has its place, its appointed position; and the law of man's life, as we have seen is also order."\par (F. W. Robertson: Genesis-Numbers, page 4)\par \par \pard\fi-270\li630\ri-67 c. Jesus is the express image of God (\cf1\ul Heb_10:5\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Joh_1:14\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Heb_1:3\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Col_1:15-16\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard\li547\ri-67\par The body of Jesus is the vehicle whereby God in His invisible essence reveals Himself to man.\par \par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67 His life was "God-life" (\cf1\ul Joh_5:26\cf0\ulnone ).\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Man received God's image, but Jesus is the inherent image.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Jesus operates the image, we only reflect the image.\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}Jesus is God's self-reflection of His own thought, [Word].\par \pard\li547\ri-67\par Thus He reenacted creation when He was on earth: making an eye of clay, turning water into wine, and breaking the bread and fishes. He controlled the wind and waves. God may bestow on us the power to make the sun stand still, as He did to Joshua, or multiply bread in his hands, like Elisha (\cf1\ul 2Ki_4:42-44\cf0\ulnone ), or walk on the water as Peter, but Jesus WAS the authority to do those things. He did not have to receive power, He was the power. He couLVALyld forgive sins because He was God.\par \par \pard\fi-270\li630\ri-67\sa60 d. Adulteration of God's image.\par \pard\li547\ri-67\sa60 Man still retains God's image. However, there was something of that image which was either lost, or made dormant when man fell into sin. This adulterated image is renewed when we are born again (\cf1\ul 1Co_11:7\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Jam_3:8-9\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Col_3:9-10\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Eph_4:24\cf0\ulnone ).\par Man has self-consciousness; God-consciousness, and world-consciousness (a sense of morality). This is enhanced when we receive the Holy Ghost. Man has lost immortality through sin and it took the redemption of Christ to restore this (\cf1\ul 2Ti_1:10\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard\li274\ri-67\sa120 B. Body of man\par \pard\li547\ri-67\sa60 The body was made to be the temple of the Holy Ghost (\cf1\ul 1Co_6:19-20\cf0\ulnone ). Thus it was to be respected. Man was not to cut his body (\cf1\ul Lev_19:28\cf0\ulnone ), or neglect his body (\cf1\ul Col_2:23\cf0\ulnone ), nor use his body in any way which would be an abuse to its original purpose (\cf1\ul 1Co_6:9\cf0\ulnone ; \cf1\ul Rom_1:26-32\cf0\ulnone ).\par We must keep in mind--\par \pard{\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf3\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li907\ri-67\sa60 This body is made of dust (\cf1\ul Gen_3:19\cf0\ulnone ).\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}This body is corrupt (\cf1\ul 1Co_15:42-50\cf0\ulnone ).\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}This body cannot enter heaven (\cf1\ul 1Co_15:50\cf2\ulnone )\cf0 .\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}This body is different from animal flesh (\cf1\ul 1Co_15:39\cf0\ulnone ).\par {\pntext\f3\'B7\tab}This body is fearfully and wonderfully made (\cf1\ul Psa_139:14\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard\fi-187\li734\ri-67\sa60\par \pard\ri-72\sa240\ul\b ASSIGNMENT ONE\b0 : Creation of material man\par \pard\fi-274\li461\ri-72\sa240\ulnone 1. What is the difference between the creation story of Genesis one and the creation story of Genesis two?\par 2 Describe the various Hebrew and G LVAL reek terms which are used in the Bible for our word "Man."\par 3. How do we know that all human beings were created from\line one couple?\par 4. For what purpose, and how was man made?\par 5. What steps has God made toward development of a\line Masterpiece?\par 6. What is God's Masterpiece?\par 7. What is the system by which man communicates with the\line physical world?\par 8. Study \cf1\ul Psa_139:13-16\cf0\ulnone and record your observations of\line what this passage of Scripture teaches about man's formation.\par \pard\fi-274\li461\ri-67 9 Describe the harmony of the body with all of its parts.\par \par BODY SOUL AND SPIRIT \cf1\ul 1Th_5:23\cf0\ulnone\par \pard\cf3\par \pard\sa200\sl276\slmult1\cf0\par \pard\cf2\f1\fs17\par \f2\fs29\par } LVALD{{\rtf1\ansi\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}{\f1\fnil\fcharset2 Symbol;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;\red0\green0\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\fi-360\li360\cf1\lang1033\f0\fs28 B. THE DOCTRINE OF SIN \cf0 [sin concept] \cf2\ul Rom_3:23\cf0\ulnone\par \pard\ri1432\par \pard\li252\ri1432 The term "sin" is found over 400 times in the Bible and is translated from 16 different Hebrew and Greek words. The word itself carries with it the hissing sound of the snake. Other words are also used which speak of sin such as: transgression, iniquity, unrighteousness, and wickedness.\cf1\par \pard\fi-900\li1440\par \pard I. THERE ARE TWO CATEGORIES OF SIN:\par \par \pard\fi-360\li360 1. Committing deeds of unrighteousness.\par \pard\par \pard\fi-360\li720 A.\tab Voluntary and unethical actions which are an expression of wrong (\cf2\ul Gen_3:2-6\cf1\ulnone ).\par \par B.\tab Refusal to be guided in life by the restraining and directing influence of God (\cf2\ul Rom_1:18\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Rom_1:28\cf1\ulnone ).\par \par C.\tab Omitting of those things which you know to be necessary in pleasing God (\cf2\ul Mat_23:23\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Mat_19:21\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Mat_25:4\cf1\ulnone , \cf2\ul Mat_25:25\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Mat_25:45\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Mat_22:11\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Luk_12:8\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Luk_16:21\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Luk_10:31-32\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Jdg_5:23\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Psa_1:1\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Jer_48:11\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Psa_55:19\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Psa_142:4\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Jam_4:17\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Joh_8:34\cf1\ulnone ).\par \pard\par \cf2\ul 1Jo_3:4\cf1\ulnone Sin is a transgression of the law.\par \cf2\ul Rom_4:15\cf1\ulnone Where no law is, there is no transgression.\par \cf2\ul Rom_3:20\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Rom_7:7\cf1\ulnone By the law is the knowledge of sin.\par \cf2\ul Rom_5:13\cf1\ulnone Sin is not imputed when there is no law.\par \cf2\ul Pro_24:9LVAL|\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul 2Co_10:4-5\cf1\ulnone The thought of foolishness is sin.\par \cf2\ul Mat_12:36-37\cf1\ulnone Every idle word that man shall speak is sin.\par \cf2\ul 1Jo_5:17\cf1\ulnone All unrighteousness is sin.\par \cf2\ul Rom_14:23\cf1\ulnone Whatsoever is not of faith is sin.\par \cf2\ul Jam_2:9\cf1\ulnone If you have respect of persons, you commit sin.\par \cf2\ul Jam_4:17\cf1\ulnone He that knoweth to do good and doeth it not, to him it is sin.\par \cf2\ul 1Sa_2:3\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Jam_1:13-15\cf1\ulnone All "actions" contrary to the law is sin.\par \cf2\ul 1Sa_15:23\cf1\ulnone Rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft.\par \cf2\ul Mat_23:23\cf1\ulnone Omission of the law is sin.\par \cf2\ul Rom_1:29-32\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Mar_7:9-21\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Gal_5:16-21\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Eph_2:3\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Col_3:5-10\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Jam_1:13-15\cf1\ulnone . All desires and lusts contrary to the law, inwardly and outwardly manifested are sin.\par \par \pard\fi-360\li360 2. Being a sinner by nature.\par \pard\par This is usually termed "the old man" and is the inbred sin of man. We are "by nature the children of wrath" (\cf2\ul Eph_2:3\cf1\ulnone ). This is because by one man's [Adam's] disobedience many [the whole world] were made sinners (\cf2\ul Rom_5:19\cf1\ulnone ).\par \par \cf2\ul Rom_6:6\cf1\ulnone The body of sin.\par \cf2\ul Act_26:18\cf1\ulnone Darkness.\tab\tab\par \cf2\ul Rom_7:24\cf1\ulnone The body of this death.\par \cf2\ul Eph_4:22-24\cf1\ulnone The old man.\par \cf2\ul Eph_2:2\cf1\ulnone The course of this world.\par \cf2\ul Rom_7:5\cf1\ulnone The motions of sin.\par \cf2\ul Rom_7:7-25\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Rom_8:2\cf1\ulnone The law of sin and death.\par \cf2\ul Rom_8:13\cf1\ulnone The carnal mind.\par \par This aspect of sin is called inherent sin, sin principle, infection of nature, moral disease, contagious corruption, incentive to sin, depraved nature, sinful propensities, evil tendencies, manifoldLVAL} infirmity, the carnal nature, the flesh, the carnal mind, the presence and pollution of sin in the heart, the remains of sin, inbred sin, and many other things.\par \par \pard\ri1432\cf0\b II. SIN DEFINED\par \b0\par \pard\li252\ri1432\b John E. Kuizenga\b0 : "Transgression of known law, then, is sin; but so is wrong attitude, wrong desires, wrong 'set' of the will or self."\par \pard\li259\ri1426\sa60\b Charles Hodge\b0 : "Sin is a transgression of, or want of conformity to the Divine Law."\par \b A. H. Strong\b0 : "Sin is a lack of conformity to the moral law of God, either in act, disposition, or state."\par \b James Oliver Bushwell, Jr\b0 .: "Sin may be defined ultimately as anything in the creature which does not express, or which is contrary to, the holy character of the Creator."\par \b L. S. Chafer\b0 : "Sin is a restless unwillingness on the part of the creature to abide in the sphere and limitation in which the Creator, guided by infinite wisdom had placed him."\par \pard\ri1432\par \pard{\pntext\f1\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf1\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li1152\ri1432 Sin is iniquity, or rebellion, it is perversion, ruin, and confusion (\cf2\ul 1Jo_3:4\cf0\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Mat_15:18\cf0\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Rom_7:8\cf3\ulnone \cf0 ff; \cf2\ul Rom_5:21\cf0\ulnone ). Sin is unbelief (\cf2\ul Heb_3:12\cf0\ulnone ). The centering of the self upon something other than God (\cf2\ul Gen_3:6\cf0\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Rom_1:28\cf0\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Rom_8:7\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard\cf1\par Sin involves the whole self in preventing man from his highest possibilities, darkening the mind, inflaming the passions, and hardening the will against God and all good (\cf2\ul Rom_1:21-32\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Gal_5:19\cf1\ulnone ff). Under the law of heredity, sin transmits evil tendency and guilt to the sinner's offspring (\cf2\ul Psa_51:5-6\cf1\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Eph_2:3\cf1\ulnone ). The first sin thus involved the race, thus sin always tends to be self-propagating, intensively and extensively.\paLVAL~r \par The Greek word in the New Testament for sin is \i hamartano\i0 : "To miss the mark." Here sin may be pictured as any attitude or act of man which does not hit the bull's eye of God's glory target. Paul brings this out in \cf2\ul Rom_3:23\cf1\ulnone , "For all have sinned and come short of the glory of God."\par \par \pard\ri1432\cf0\b III. SIN'S BEGINNINGS\par \b0\par \pard\fi-180\li792\ri1432 A. In heaven\tab\tab\tab\tab\tab\tab\tab \par \pard\li252\ri1432 Lucifer was the first to rebel against God. He apparently led \par \pard\li252\ri1426\sa60 1/3 of the angels in a revolt against God in an insane attempt to dethrone the rightful King. While this treachery proved unsuccessful, it did, nevertheless, introduce into the universe a new evil element hitherto unknown.\par Originally there was only one will in the universe. This rebellion was the introduction of two wills into the universe. Lucifer said (\cf2\ul Isa_14:13-14\cf0\ulnone )\par \pard{\pntext\f1\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf1\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li1152\ri1426\sa60 I will ascend into heaven.\par {\pntext\f1\'B7\tab}I will exalt my throne above the stars of God.\par {\pntext\f1\'B7\tab}I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation.\par {\pntext\f1\'B7\tab}I will ascend above the heights of the clouds.\par {\pntext\f1\'B7\tab}I will be like the Most High.\par \pard\li252\ri1426\sa60\b NOTE\b0 : He presumed to go above God, but he knew he could never be better than the "Most High." That is a great compliment to God.\par "I will" is the shortest definition of sin, and is the beginning of the first one. Lucifer degenerated into the devil and became, therefore, the source and strength of sin (\cf2\ul Eze_28:11-19\cf0\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Isa_14:12-15\cf0\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Luk_10:18\cf0\ulnone ; \cf2\ul 1Jo_3:8\cf0\ulnone ; \cf2\ul Rev_12:3-4\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard\li252\ri1432\par \pard\fi-180\li792\ri1432 B. On the earth.\par \pard\li259\ri1426\sa60 Satan came to the earth in a vain effort to try andLVAL turn man, God's creature, from God's will to his [satan's] will.\par He was defeated in his effort however, and now there was man's will added to the expanding sinfulness of the universe. The devil thought man would turn from God and worship satan, however, man turned from God and worshipped himself.\par Though Lucifer could tempt and make suggestions to sin, he could not cause man to fail God. Thus it is man's responsibility that sin is in the world.\par \pard{\pntext\f1\'B7\tab}{\*\pn\pnlvlblt\pnf1\pnindent0{\pntxtb\'B7}}\fi-360\li1152\ri1432\cf2\ul Gen_2:16-17\cf0\ulnone Man was commanded to not eat of the tree of knowledge of good and evil.\par \cf2\ul{\pntext\f1\'B7\tab}Gen_3:6\cf0\ulnone However, the woman ate of it and gave to her husband and he also ate.\par \cf2\ul{\pntext\f1\'B7\tab}Rom_5:12\cf0\ulnone Condemnation was then placed upon man [not the woman because she was deceived] (\cf2\ul 1Ti_2:14\cf0\ulnone ).\par \cf2\ul{\pntext\f1\'B7\tab}1Co_15:22\cf0\ulnone For in Adam all die.\par \pard\li792\ri1432\par \pard\ri1426\sa120\b IV. SIN'S NATURE\par \pard\li252\ri1426\sa120\b0 Sin is not simply some weakness of human flesh such as hunger, thirst, or weariness. It has to derive its measurements from that which is positive and good (\cf2\ul Rom_6:1-14\cf0\ulnone ).\par \pard\li259\ri1426\sa120 You can assume good apart from evil, but evil cannot exist without good. By its very nature sin must oppose and pervert something that is its opposite. Every sin is, in reality, a perversion of some good principle.This is why sin and evil cannot manifest themselves as such, but must be disguised as good. Hitler has to state that he is trying to protect the state and build a master race. The rebel feels free to rape and burn in order to "awaken the conscience" of a careless society unconcerned about the "plight" of his particular group.\par Evil dares not expose itself in the raw, as the vicious and vile wolf that it really is, but is forced to assume in some form the garb of a sLVALA{\rtf1\ansi\ansicpg1252\deff0{\fonttbl{\f0\fnil\fcharset0 Georgia;}} {\colortbl ;\red0\green0\blue0;\red0\green0\blue255;\red0\green128\blue0;} {\*\generator Riched20 5.40.11.2210;}\viewkind4\uc1\pard\cf1\lang1033\f0\fs29 10. HIS ATTRIBUTES EXPRESS HIS ESSENCE (Exo_3:14).\par \par OMNI'S\par \par \par Omnipotent: I have all power\par Omnipresent: I am everywhere at once\par Omniscient: I know all things that are to be known\par Omni-amorous: I am all loving\par Omni-competent: I am capable in all matters\par Omnifarous: I am the speaker of all laws\par Omnific: I created all things that are made\par Omniformous: I take any form I choose\par Omnigenous: I combine all attributes into one being\par Omni-sufficient: I supply needs of all things\par Omnisagus: I am all wise\par Omniaticus: I am eternal\par ETERNAL\par \par The Attributes of God. Reduced to its simplest definition, \cf2\b an attribute of God is whatever God has in any way revealed as being true of himself. \cf1\b0 Some theologians prefer the word "perfection" to that of attribute. A. W. Tozer has written:\par "If an attribute is something true of God, it is also something that we can conceive as being true of him. God, being infinite, must possess attributes about which we can know nothing." (The Knowledge of the Holy, p. 19)\par "In the awful abyss of the divine being may lie attributes of which we know nothing and which can have no meaning for us, just as the attributes of mercy and grace can have no personal meaning for seraphim or cherubim. These holy beings may know of these qualities in God but be unable to feel them sympathetically for the reason that they have not sinned and so do not call forth God's mercy and grace. So there may be, and I believe there surely are, other aspects of God's essential being which He has not revealed even to His ransomed and Spirit-illuminated children." (Ibid, p. 52)\par